Report Information
Leslie Knope
March 20, 2026
23andMe
1.0
About This Report

This report analyzes your genotyping data from 23andMe. and presents Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS) for 71 traits across 14 health categories. Each PRS reflects the cumulative effect of hundreds to thousands of common genetic variants associated with a trait in large population studies, primarily the UK Biobank.

What is a Polygenic Risk Score? A PRS is not a diagnosis. It quantifies statistical predisposition. Your genetic profile is one of many factors influencing health, alongside lifestyle, environment, and medical history. Most traits are only modestly influenced by genetics; a high PRS increases the statistical probability of a condition but does not predict with certainty that you will develop it.

How to read this report:

  • Percentile — where your genetic score sits in the population. The 50th percentile is average; above 80th is considered elevated.
  • Odds ratio (OR) — for disease traits, how your odds compare to the population average. An OR of 1.5 means roughly 50% higher odds than average.
  • "About Average" — when the 95% confidence interval includes 1.0, the difference from average is not statistically meaningful and the result is labeled About Average.
  • Estimated lifetime risk — for disease traits, an approximate lifetime probability derived from your odds ratio and UK Biobank population prevalence. This is a statistical estimate, not a clinical prediction.
  • Top contributing variants — each score card has an expandable section showing the individual genetic variants that contribute most to your score. These are the variants with the largest effect on your personal result, but they are not necessarily causal. Polygenic scores combine hundreds to thousands of variants, each contributing a small amount. The listed variants simply had the largest individual weight in your calculation.
  • Effect-size distribution — each score card also includes an expandable chart showing how the trait measurement or odds ratio varies across PRS percentile bins in the reference population. Your bin is highlighted. These charts help you understand the magnitude of the genetic effect: a steep curve means the score strongly differentiates risk across the population, while a flat curve means genetics plays a smaller role for that trait.
Important: This report is for research and educational purposes only and is not a clinical diagnostic test. Consult a healthcare provider or genetic counselor before making any health decisions based on this information.
Ancestry note: All polygenic scores in this report were developed from European-ancestry data (UK Biobank). Percentile estimates are calibrated against a European-ancestry reference population. Results are less accurate and should be interpreted with extra caution for individuals of non-European ancestry.
Results Summary
Data source: 23andMe  · Leslie Knope
22
Elevated Risk
27
About Average
22
Below Average

100 th pct
Higher eczema risk
Risk of eczema or dermatitis
OR 1.56 (95% CI 1.35–1.80)
97 th pct
Higher gout risk
Risk of gout, a painful joint condition directly caused by elevated urate levels
OR 3.02 (95% CI 2.55–3.58)
96 th pct
Higher inflammatory bowel disease risk
Risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
OR 2.06 (95% CI 1.66–2.58)
95 th pct
Tends to burn rather than tan
This score reflects your genetic tendency to burn rather than tan in the sun. A higher score means you are more likely to never tan and only burn.
OR 6.05 (95% CI 5.65–6.45)
94 th pct
Taller than average
Height in centimeters
2 th pct
Lower likelihood of dark brown hair
This score estimates your likelihood of having dark brown hair based on your genetics.
OR 0.05 (95% CI 0.04–0.06)
2 th pct
Less likely to snore
Likelihood of habitual snoring, a common proxy for sleep-disordered breathing and sleep apnea risk
OR 0.71 (95% CI 0.67–0.76)
2 th pct
Lower likelihood of black hair
This score predicts your likelihood of having black hair based on genetics.
OR 0.08 (95% CI 0.02–0.15)
Polygenic Physical & Personal Traits
Appearance & Body 4 2 elevated 1 average 1 below avg
Hair Color Tendency
Polygenic scores for individual hair color categories

These scores reflect your genetic predisposition toward each hair color category independently. A higher percentile indicates a stronger genetic tendency for that color.

Light brown hair
95th pct
Red hair
93th pct
Blonde hair
85th pct
Brown hair
2th pct
Black hair
2th pct
Dark brown hair
2th pct
Light brown hair effect-size distribution
1.01.74 -0.08 You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile
Red hair effect-size distribution
1.0221.8 -35.9 You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile
Blonde hair effect-size distribution
1.020.2 -3.31 You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile
Brown hair effect-size distribution
1.02.29 -0.28 You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile
Black hair effect-size distribution
1.019.2 -3.18 You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile
Dark brown hair effect-size distribution
1.04.49 -0.70 You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile
Height
Standing height
High
Taller than average

Adult height is one of the most heritable human traits, with genetics explaining roughly 80% of the variation. Hundreds of genetic variants each make small contributions to your final height, alongside nutrition and health during childhood.

Your score for Height is in the top 20%, indicating an elevated genetic predisposition.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
94th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
View as:
Percentile average: 5'9" (175.4 cm) (95% CI 5'9" – 5'9") · Population mean: 5'7" (169.8 cm)
Estimated male height: 5'11" (181.1 cm) (95% CI 5'11" – 5'11") · Male population mean: 5'9" (175.5 cm)
Estimated female height: 5'6" (168.1 cm) (95% CI 5'6" – 5'6") · Female population mean: 5'4" (162.5 cm)
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
5'7" 6'5" 4'10" Height You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (5'7", 169.8 cm). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
3:185548683:G:A rs720390 1/1 0.3944 2.00 Intergenic
6:19839415:C:T rs41271299 0/1 0.6870 1.00 ID4 Intronic
15:100692953:G:A rs72755233 0|1 -0.5392 1.00 ADAMTS17 Missense
4:18025484:G:A rs2011603 1|1 -0.2370 2.00 LCORL Upstream
11:75276178:A:C rs606452 1/1 -0.2352 2.00 SERPINH1 Intronic
15:67457698:A:G rs35874463 0/1 0.4458 1.00 SMAD3 Missense
20:34025756:A:G rs143384 0/1 0.4271 1.00 GDF5 5-prime UTR
12:69827658:G:T rs10748128 1/1 0.2053 2.00 Intergenic
6:130349119:C:T rs6569648 1/1 -0.1934 2.00 L3MBTL3 Intronic
12:66359752:C:A rs8756 1/1 -0.1905 2.00 HMGA2 3-prime UTR
BMI
Body mass index (BMI)
Below Average
Lower BMI than average

BMI (body mass index) is a common measure of body size calculated from height and weight. While it does not distinguish between fat and muscle mass, it is a useful screening tool. Both genetics and lifestyle influence BMI.

Your score for BMI falls somewhat below the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
32th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 27.2 kg/m² (95% CI 27.1 – 27.3 kg/m²) · Population mean: 28.0 kg/m²
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
28.0 39.0 21.4 kg/m² You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (28.0 kg/m²). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
16:53800954:T:C rs1421085 1/0 0.3454 1.00 FTO Intronic
2:637830:A:G rs13393304 1|1 0.1410 2.00 Intergenic
3:49924940:T:C rs1062633 1|1 0.1143 2.00 MST1R Missense
19:47569003:G:A rs3810291 1/1 0.1136 2.00 ZC3H4 3-prime UTR
16:4013467:C:T rs2531995 1/1 0.1046 2.00 ADCY9 3-prime UTR
4:100239319:T:C rs1229984 1|1 0.0892 2.00 ADH1B Missense
11:27701365:G:A rs10835211 1/1 0.0826 2.00 BDNF Intronic
2:622827:T:C rs2867125 1/1 0.0765 2.00 Intergenic
14:25930988:C:A rs8015400 1|1 0.0706 2.00 Intergenic
16:20370810:C:T rs9652588 1|1 -0.0702 2.00 PDILT Missense
Fluid intelligence
Fluid intelligence score
Average
Average fluid intelligence

Fluid intelligence is the ability to reason and solve novel problems independent of previously acquired knowledge. It tends to peak in early adulthood and gradually decline with age. It is moderately heritable and influenced by many genetic variants.

Your score for Fluid intelligence is near the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
43th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
IQ-scale equivalent: 112 (95% CI 112 – 112) · Population average: 100 (IQ-scale equivalent, UK Biobank)
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
7.27 10.2 5.30 score You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (7.27 score). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
6:98565211:C:T rs1487445 1|1 0.0500 2.00 RP11-436D23.1 Intronic
12:108618630:C:T rs3764002 1|1 0.0279 2.00 WSCD2 Missense
10:130107905:T:C rs2254606 1/1 -0.0277 2.00 Intergenic
5:92528272:C:T rs4285204 1|1 -0.0268 2.00 Regulatory
3:9389577:G:T rs2728939 1|1 -0.0260 2.00 RP11-380O24.1 Intronic
4:106196951:A:G rs2454206 0/1 -0.0505 1.00 TET2 Missense
13:106636056:C:T rs2478292 1|1 -0.0251 2.00 Intergenic
6:11481086:G:A rs34486680 1|1 -0.0244 2.00 RP11-716O23.1 Intronic
1:41788265:G:A rs12043581 1|0 -0.0486 1.00 Intergenic
10:114906714:G:A rs290490 1|1 0.0238 2.00 TCF7L2 Intronic
Ease of Skin Tanning
Ease of skin tanning (never tan, only burn)
High
Tends to burn rather than tan

Skin tanning ability reflects how your skin responds to UV radiation. People who burn easily and tan poorly have less protective melanin and higher risk of skin cancer. Variants in pigmentation genes like MC1R strongly influence this trait.

Your score for Ease of Skin Tanning is in the top 20%, indicating an elevated genetic predisposition.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
95th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: [0% - 10%]
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 6.05   95% CI 5.65 – 6.45
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 7.71 -1.09 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
16:89986117:C:T rs1805007 0/1 1.0449 1.00 MC1R Missense
15:28365618:A:G rs12913832 1/1 0.3890 2.00 HERC2 Intronic
16:89985844:G:T rs1805005 0/1 0.4156 1.00 MC1R Missense
11:89017961:G:A rs1126809 1|0 0.2996 1.00 TYR Missense
9:16864521:C:T rs2153271 1/1 0.1203 2.00 BNC2 Intronic
11:88911696:C:A rs1042602 1/0 0.1579 1.00 TYR Missense
11:68855363:G:A rs3829241 1|1 0.0604 2.00 TPCN2 Missense
1:66921933:G:A rs1772131 1|1 0.0540 2.00 Intergenic
20:32738612:C:T rs1015362 0/1 -0.1023 1.00 Intergenic
8:116586460:C:T rs3779881 1|1 -0.0501 2.00 TRPS1 Intronic
Polygenic Health Scores
Cardiovascular 9 3 elevated 4 average 2 below avg
Atrial fibrillation
Self-reported or diagnosed atrial fibrillation
Well Below Average
Lower atrial fibrillation risk

Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is an irregular, often rapid heart rhythm originating in the upper chambers of the heart. It increases the risk of stroke, heart failure, and other cardiovascular complications. Risk rises with age and is partly genetic.

Your score for Atrial fibrillation falls in the bottom 20% of the population, suggesting a lower-than-average genetic predisposition.

~2.2%
(95% CI 1.9%–2.6%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
3.0%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
12th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (80% - 90%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 0.73   95% CI 0.62 – 0.85
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 2.97 0.03 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
4:111718067:G:A rs6843082 1/1 -0.2890 2.00 RP11-777N19.1 Non-coding
12:114793240:C:T rs883079 1/1 0.0964 2.00 TBX5 3-prime UTR
4:111761487:T:C rs3853445 1/0 -0.1661 1.00 Regulatory
16:73051620:C:T rs2106261 0/1 0.1265 1.00 ZFHX3 Intronic
4:111580136:A:G rs35323363 1|0 -0.1213 1.00 Intergenic
10:105299611:T:C rs6584555 1|1 0.0493 2.00 NEURL1 Intronic
14:64680848:A:G rs1152591 1|1 -0.0451 2.00 SYNE2 Intronic
8:17796382:A:G rs412750 1|1 0.0435 2.00 PCM1 Missense
11:20011445:T:C rs10741807 1|1 -0.0431 2.00 NAV2 Intronic
9:97509199:A:G rs446540 1|1 -0.0382 2.00 C9orf3 Intronic
Varicose veins
This score indicates your genetic likelihood of developing varicose veins.
High
Higher risk of varicose veins

Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins most commonly seen in the legs, caused by weakened valves that allow blood to pool. While often considered cosmetic, they can cause aching, swelling, and in severe cases skin ulcers. Family history is one of the strongest risk factors.

Your score for Varicose veins is in the top 20%, indicating an elevated genetic predisposition.

~4.9%
(95% CI 4.2%–5.6%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
3.3%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
85th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (10% - 20%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.51   95% CI 1.30 – 1.76
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 2.62 0.01 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
1:10824329:T:C rs6540950 1|1 -0.0795 2.00 CASZ1 Intronic
19:49206674:G:A rs601338 1/1 0.0463 2.00 FUT2 Loss of Function
12:48209165:G:T rs11168250 1|1 0.0437 2.00 HDAC7 Intronic
5:158256118:A:G rs11954193 1|1 -0.0430 2.00 EBF1 Intronic
16:88804734:A:G rs7184427 1|0 -0.0832 1.00 PIEZO1 Missense
5:127347013:A:G rs34145453 1|0 0.0725 1.00 CTC-228N24.3 Intronic
2:68385097:A:G rs2044693 0|1 0.0696 1.00 PNO1 Missense
9:130673419:C:T rs3780668 1|1 -0.0328 2.00 ST6GALNAC4 Intronic
15:83539575:G:T rs1256441 1|1 0.0314 2.00 HOMER2 Intronic
17:43470156:G:A rs1230094 1/1 0.0299 2.00 CTB-39G8.3 Upstream
Resting heart rate
Heart rate (AR)
Above Average
Higher resting heart rate than average

Resting heart rate is the number of times your heart beats per minute while at rest. A normal range is 60 to 100 bpm, with lower rates generally indicating better cardiovascular fitness. Both genetics and physical conditioning influence your resting rate.

Your score for Resting heart rate is above the population average, suggesting a higher-than-average predisposition.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
78th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 72.2 beats per minute (95% CI 72.0 – 72.4 beats per minute) · Population mean: 70.2 beats per minute
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
70.2 87.6 53.5 beats per minute You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (70.2 beats per minute). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
2:179839888:G:A rs10497529 1/0 0.9538 1.00 CCDC141 Missense
6:122158270:G:A rs12110693 1/0 0.8805 1.00 Intergenic
14:23861811:A:G rs365990 0/1 0.7229 1.00 MYH6 Missense
6:118667522:T:C rs11153730 1/1 -0.2759 2.00 Intergenic
16:65279257:T:C rs9921437 1|1 -0.2566 2.00 RP11-256I9.3 Intronic
20:36841914:G:A rs3746471 1|0 -0.4405 1.00 KIAA1755 Missense
1:208024820:C:T rs12731740 0/1 0.4260 1.00 C1orf132 Intronic
9:128319066:G:A rs506874 1|1 0.2022 2.00 MAPKAP1 Intronic
11:128768938:C:T rs2846700 1|1 -0.1967 2.00 KCNJ5 Intronic
3:49054692:T:C rs3087866 1|1 0.1869 2.00 DALRD3 Missense
Deep vein thrombosis
Risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a blood clot forming in a deep vein, typically in the leg
About Average
Typical deep vein thrombosis risk

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot that forms in a deep vein, usually in the leg. If the clot breaks loose it can travel to the lungs (pulmonary embolism), which can be life-threatening. Genetic clotting factor variants like Factor V Leiden significantly increase risk.

Your score for Deep vein thrombosis falls somewhat below the population average.

~1.9%
(95% CI 1.5%–2.4%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
2.1%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
36th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (60% - 70%]
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 0.92   95% CI 0.73 – 1.16   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 3.21 0.14 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
1:169519049:T:C rs6025 1/1 -0.8206 2.00 F5 Missense
9:136143442:A:G rs612169 1|0 0.1498 1.00 ABO Intronic
9:136155000:C:T rs2129834802 0/1 0.1320 1.00 ABO Upstream
12:54952742:T:C rs10876566 1|1 -0.0438 2.00 PDE1B Intronic
4:187207381:C:T rs2289252 0/1 0.0561 1.00 F11-AS1 Non-coding
19:10742170:A:G rs2288904 1/1 0.0276 2.00 SLC44A2 Missense
4:187188094:T:G rs4253399 1/0 0.0539 1.00 F11 Intronic
4:187158034:G:A rs3733402 1|0 0.0484 1.00 KLKB1 Missense
8:128586999:T:C rs7814563 1|1 -0.0233 2.00 Regulatory
18:11936967:C:T rs644270 1|1 0.0233 2.00 Intergenic
Heart attack
Myocardial infarction
About Average
Typical heart attack risk

A heart attack (myocardial infarction) occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked, usually by a blood clot in a coronary artery. Family history is one of the strongest risk factors, alongside high cholesterol, blood pressure, smoking, and diabetes.

Your score for Heart attack falls somewhat below the population average.

~3.9%
(95% CI 3.4%–4.5%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
3.5%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
37th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (60% - 70%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.11   95% CI 0.96 – 1.30   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 2.64 0.26 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
12:111884608:T:C rs3184504 1/0 -0.0686 1.00 SH2B3 Missense
1:222923351:A:G rs6683071 1/1 0.0333 2.00 FAM177B Missense
1:109822166:G:A rs599839 1/1 0.0317 2.00 CELSR2 Downstream
17:66449122:G:A rs883541 1/1 0.0283 2.00 WIPI1 Missense
9:22115959:A:G rs2383207 0/1 0.0524 1.00 CDKN2B-AS1 Intronic
7:35291491:G:A rs73099187 1|1 -0.0244 2.00 TBX20 Intronic
1:222826481:G:A rs2291832 1|1 0.0239 2.00 MIA3 Intronic
2:106823652:C:T rs13006272 1|1 -0.0227 2.00 Intergenic
7:129663496:C:T rs11556924 0/1 -0.0401 1.00 ZC3HC1 Missense
2:196851911:G:A rs10931715 1|1 0.0190 2.00 DNAH7 Missense
High cholesterol
Risk of clinically elevated total cholesterol requiring diagnosis or treatment
Above Average
Higher risk of high cholesterol

High cholesterol means elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood, particularly LDL ("bad") cholesterol. Over time this can lead to plaque buildup in arteries, increasing the risk of heart attack and stroke. Genetics and diet both play important roles.

Your score for High cholesterol is above the population average, suggesting a higher-than-average predisposition.

~42.6%
(95% CI 40.4%–44.8%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
39.0%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
62th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (30% - 40%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.16   95% CI 1.06 – 1.27
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 2.61 0.02 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
2:21294975:G:A rs541041 1/1 0.0877 2.00 Intergenic
19:45422946:A:G rs4420638 0/1 0.1417 1.00 APOC1 Downstream
19:49206674:G:A rs601338 1/1 0.0475 2.00 FUT2 Loss of Function
8:126507389:C:A rs2954038 1/0 -0.0857 1.00 RP11-136O12.2 Intronic
2:27730940:T:C rs1260326 1/0 -0.0830 1.00 GCKR Missense
2:21233972:T:C rs533617 1/0 -0.0761 1.00 APOB Missense
2:44074431:C:T rs4245791 0/1 -0.0761 1.00 ABCG8 Intronic
20:17844684:G:T rs2618566 1|1 -0.0348 2.00 Regulatory
19:45395266:G:A rs157580 1/1 0.0327 2.00 TOMM40 Intronic
2:21231524:G:A rs676210 1/1 -0.0292 2.00 APOB Missense
Essential hypertension
Risk of essential (primary) hypertension diagnosis
Below Average
Lower hypertension risk

Essential hypertension is persistently elevated blood pressure with no identifiable underlying cause. It is the most common form of high blood pressure, affecting roughly one in three adults, and is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke.

Your score for Essential hypertension falls somewhat below the population average.

~42.9%
(95% CI 41.3%–44.8%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
45.0%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
39th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (60% - 70%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 0.92   95% CI 0.86 – 0.99
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 2.41 0.17 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
19:49206674:G:A rs601338 1/1 0.0367 2.00 FUT2 Loss of Function
5:32830521:T:C rs1173727 1/1 0.0322 2.00 Intergenic
1:18023690:A:G rs2270976 1/1 0.0298 2.00 ARHGEF10L Missense
7:27245893:T:C rs3735533 1|1 0.0284 2.00 HOTTIP Non-coding
11:123053078:T:C rs7113140 1|1 0.0261 2.00 CLMP Intronic
1:10796866:T:C rs880315 1/0 0.0516 1.00 CASZ1 Intronic
2:26932031:C:T rs2586886 0|1 -0.0509 1.00 KCNK3 Intronic
12:32704908:G:A rs4635166 1|1 0.0234 2.00 FGD4 Intronic
10:115781547:T:C rs2782981 1|1 0.0231 2.00 Intergenic
6:127147704:C:T rs9375459 0|1 0.0456 1.00 Intergenic
Diastolic Blood Pressure
Diastolic BP (AR)
Average
Average diastolic blood pressure

Diastolic blood pressure is the pressure in your arteries between heartbeats, when the heart is resting. Persistently high diastolic pressure (above 80 mmHg) contributes to cardiovascular risk. Together with systolic pressure, it provides a complete picture of cardiovascular strain.

Your score for Diastolic Blood Pressure is near the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
60th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 82.4 mmHg · Population mean: 82.6 mmHg
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
82.6 94.4 73.9 mmHg You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (82.6 mmHg). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
3:41996136:T:C rs2272007 1/1 -0.2138 2.00 ULK4 Missense
5:32830521:T:C rs1173727 1/1 0.1912 2.00 Intergenic
11:10673739:T:C rs4909945 1/1 -0.1698 2.00 MRVI1 Missense
12:111884608:T:C rs3184504 1/0 -0.3347 1.00 SH2B3 Missense
10:115781547:T:C rs2782981 1|1 0.1552 2.00 Intergenic
15:96637569:A:G rs7174546 1|1 -0.1271 2.00 Intergenic
2:145634153:G:A rs6738560 1|1 -0.1212 2.00 TEX41 Intronic
7:27245893:T:C rs3735533 1|1 0.1150 2.00 HOTTIP Non-coding
19:11526765:G:T rs167479 1|0 -0.2241 1.00 RGL3 Missense
19:45766729:G:A rs7255933 1|1 0.1068 2.00 MARK4 Intronic
Systolic blood pressure
Systolic BP (AR)
Average
Average systolic blood pressure

Systolic blood pressure is the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats. Persistently high readings (above 130 mmHg) increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, and kidney disease. Both genetics and lifestyle factors like diet and exercise play a role.

Your score for Systolic blood pressure is near the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
44th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 138.5 mmHg (95% CI 138.3 – 138.7 mmHg) · Population mean: 139.8 mmHg
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
139.8 160.9 119.6 mmHg You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (139.8 mmHg). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
5:32830521:T:C rs1173727 1/1 0.4360 2.00 Intergenic
4:100239319:T:C rs1229984 1|1 0.4016 2.00 ADH1B Missense
10:102556175:A:G rs7072737 1|1 0.3550 2.00 PAX2 Intronic
7:27220831:A:G rs6461992 1|1 0.2716 2.00 HOXA11-AS Upstream
13:21562832:C:T rs2770928 1|1 -0.2263 2.00 LATS2 Missense
10:115781547:T:C rs2782981 1|1 0.2126 2.00 Intergenic
17:76799795:G:A rs1057040 1|1 -0.2118 2.00 USP36 Missense
19:11526765:G:T rs167479 1|0 -0.4137 1.00 RGL3 Missense
16:65279257:T:C rs9921437 1|1 0.2043 2.00 RP11-256I9.3 Intronic
5:158296996:C:T rs2072495 1|1 0.1921 2.00 EBF1 Intronic
Cancer 4 3 average 1 below avg
Prostate cancer
Risk of prostate cancer
Below Average
Lower prostate cancer risk

Prostate cancer is the most common non-skin cancer in men. It usually grows slowly and many cases are detected through screening. Family history is a major risk factor: men with a first-degree relative diagnosed have roughly double the risk.

Your score for Prostate cancer falls somewhat below the population average.

~1.7%
(95% CI 1.4%–2.1%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
2.3%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
22th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (70% - 80%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 0.76   95% CI 0.61 – 0.94
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 3.77 -0.22 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
8:128517573:A:G rs4242382 1/1 -0.1460 2.00 Intergenic
8:128413305:G:T rs6983267 0/1 -0.1952 1.00 CASC8 Intronic
10:51549496:T:C rs10993994 1/0 -0.1611 1.00 MSMB Upstream
8:23526463:T:C rs1512268 1/1 -0.0799 2.00 Intergenic
6:117130704:G:A rs2274911 1|1 0.0792 2.00 GPRC6A Missense
19:51361757:T:C rs17632542 1/0 -0.1433 1.00 KLK3 Missense
11:68994497:T:G rs7931342 1/1 0.0568 2.00 Intergenic
8:128333180:C:T rs622856 1|1 -0.0566 2.00 CASC8 Intronic
17:69108753:G:T rs1859962 0/1 -0.0908 1.00 CASC17 Intronic
22:43500212:G:T rs5759167 0/1 -0.0877 1.00 Regulatory
Melanoma
Melanoma (malignant)
About Average
Typical melanoma risk

Melanoma is the most serious form of skin cancer, arising from the pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) in the skin. Fair skin, a history of sunburns, and many moles are risk factors. Genetics influence skin pigmentation, mole count, and DNA repair capacity.

Your score for Melanoma is above the population average, suggesting a higher-than-average predisposition.

~1.6%
(95% CI 1.2%–2.0%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
1.3%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
73th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (20% - 30%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.20   95% CI 0.93 – 1.53   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 2.43 0.27 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
16:89986117:C:T rs1805007 0/1 0.2427 1.00 MC1R Missense
11:89017961:G:A rs1126809 1|0 0.0862 1.00 TYR Missense
5:1315660:G:A rs4975616 1/1 -0.0285 2.00 CLPTM1L Downstream
3:183800463:G:A rs7648737 1|1 -0.0272 2.00 RP11-778D9.9 Loss of Function
9:21816758:G:A rs7023954 0|1 -0.0443 1.00 MTAP Missense
16:81242198:G:A rs7499011 1|1 0.0213 2.00 PKD1L2 Loss of Function
15:59981515:A:G rs3087328 1|1 0.0185 2.00 BNIP2 Missense
22:36122930:C:T rs2076671 1|1 -0.0175 2.00 APOL5 Missense
3:42735150:T:C rs11079 1/0 -0.0315 1.00 HHATL Missense
11:108175462:G:A rs1801516 1/0 -0.0313 1.00 ATM Missense
Breast cancer
Risk of breast cancer
About Average
Typical breast cancer risk

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. While high-penetrance genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2 get the most attention, most genetic risk comes from the combined effect of many common variants, each contributing a small amount.

Your score for Breast cancer is above the population average, suggesting a higher-than-average predisposition.

~4.0%
(95% CI 3.5%–4.6%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
3.6%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
68th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (30% - 40%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.12   95% CI 0.96 – 1.30   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 2.44 0.12 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
16:52599188:C:T rs4784227 0/1 0.1495 1.00 CASC16 Intronic
10:123346116:G:A rs2981575 1/0 -0.1150 1.00 FGFR2 Intronic
3:27368884:T:C rs3920005 1|1 -0.0572 2.00 NEK10 Intronic
10:123337335:A:G rs2981579 0/1 -0.0925 1.00 FGFR2 Intronic
8:128355618:A:G rs13281615 1/1 0.0383 2.00 CASC8 Intronic
5:158296996:C:T rs2072495 1|1 -0.0382 2.00 EBF1 Intronic
16:53816275:C:A rs8050136 1/0 -0.0538 1.00 FTO Intronic
7:99474427:A:G rs2572023 1/1 -0.0246 2.00 OR2AE1 Missense
10:123095012:C:T rs35098964 1|0 -0.0472 1.00 Intergenic
6:151936677:G:A rs6929137 1/0 0.0466 1.00 CCDC170 Missense
Non-melanoma skin cancer
Non melanoma skin cancer
About Average
Typical skin cancer risk

Non-melanoma skin cancers, primarily basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, are the most common cancers overall. They are strongly linked to cumulative UV exposure and fair skin. While rarely fatal, they can cause significant tissue damage if untreated.

Your score for Non-melanoma skin cancer is near the population average.

~6.1%
(95% CI 5.5%–6.9%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
5.9%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
56th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (40% - 50%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.05   95% CI 0.93 – 1.18   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 3.34 -0.07 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
16:89986117:C:T rs1805007 0/1 0.1954 1.00 MC1R Missense
20:2290333:C:A rs214803 1/0 -0.1460 1.00 TGM3 Missense
10:8944052:A:G rs76407406 1|0 -0.1185 1.00 RP11-428L9.1 Intronic
2:202143928:T:C rs10931936 1|1 -0.0588 2.00 CASP8 Intronic
1:17722363:G:A rs7538876 1/1 0.0552 2.00 PADI6 Intronic
5:1287194:G:A rs2853677 1/1 -0.0532 2.00 TERT Intronic
16:89985844:G:T rs1805005 0/1 0.1031 1.00 MC1R Missense
11:89017961:G:A rs1126809 1|0 0.0983 1.00 TYR Missense
9:16864521:C:T rs2153271 1/1 0.0469 2.00 BNC2 Intronic
21:43086816:G:A rs2850128 1|1 -0.0417 2.00 Intergenic
Metabolic & Hormonal 4 2 elevated 2 average
Gout
Risk of gout, a painful joint condition directly caused by elevated urate levels
Very High
Higher gout risk

Gout is an intensely painful form of arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in joints, most often the big toe. Genetics strongly influence uric acid levels, and flare-ups can be triggered by diet, alcohol, and dehydration.

Your score for Gout is in the top 5%, indicating a substantially elevated predisposition.

~10.9%
(95% CI 9.4%–12.7%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
3.9%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
97th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: [0% - 10%]
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 3.02   95% CI 2.55 – 3.58
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 4.25 -0.45 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
4:89052323:G:T rs2231142 0/1 0.5653 1.00 ABCG2 Missense
4:89083666:T:C rs3114020 1|1 0.0847 2.00 ABCG2 Intronic
10:61465838:A:G rs1171619 1|1 0.0705 2.00 SLC16A9 Intronic
2:27730940:T:C rs1260326 1/0 -0.1360 1.00 GCKR Missense
6:25813150:G:A rs1165196 1/0 0.1248 1.00 SLC17A1 Missense
11:64334114:C:T rs2078267 0/1 -0.1232 1.00 SLC22A11 Non-coding
1:145723645:T:C rs1967017 1/1 -0.0594 2.00 PDZK1 Upstream
2:170010985:T:C rs2075252 1/1 -0.0557 2.00 LRP2 Missense
11:66328095:T:C rs1815739 1/1 0.0470 2.00 ACTN3 Loss of Function
11:65552154:C:T rs948493 1|1 0.0428 2.00 AP5B1 Upstream
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism/myxoedema
Above Average
Higher hypothyroidism risk

Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone, leading to fatigue, weight gain, cold sensitivity, and slowed metabolism. The most common cause is Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune condition with a strong genetic component.

Your score for Hypothyroidism is above the population average, suggesting a higher-than-average predisposition.

~10.4%
(95% CI 9.5%–11.6%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
6.3%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
79th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (20% - 30%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.72   95% CI 1.55 – 1.95
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 4.75 -0.48 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
1:114377568:A:G rs2476601 0|1 -0.3535 1.00 PTPN22 Missense
12:111884608:T:C rs3184504 1/0 -0.1994 1.00 SH2B3 Missense
2:191964633:T:G rs7574865 1/1 -0.0914 2.00 STAT4 Intronic
9:100546600:C:T rs925489 0/1 0.1763 1.00 Intergenic
13:24782560:G:A rs7323885 1|1 0.0696 2.00 SPATA13 Intronic
2:204732714:A:G rs231775 0/1 0.1045 1.00 CTLA4 Missense
5:133419283:C:T rs244672 1|1 -0.0517 2.00 CTB-113I20.1 Upstream
1:198869514:T:C rs10800598 1|1 -0.0452 2.00 MIR181A1HG Non-coding
6:90976768:G:A rs72928038 1/0 0.0878 1.00 BACH2 Intronic
11:95311422:T:C rs4409785 1/0 0.0866 1.00 Intergenic
Type 1 diabetes
Type 1 diabetes (T1D)
About Average
Typical type 1 diabetes risk

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition in which the immune system destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. It usually appears in childhood or adolescence and requires lifelong insulin therapy. The HLA gene region on chromosome 6 is the strongest genetic risk factor.

Your score for Type 1 diabetes is above the population average, suggesting a higher-than-average predisposition.

~0.80%
(95% CI 0.30%–2.0%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
0.50%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=376,362, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
77th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (20% - 30%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.60   95% CI 0.60 – 4.10   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 10.4 -1.74 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
6:32626272:C:A rs9273363 1/0 0.5582 1.00 HLA-DQB1-AS1 Upstream
11:2181073:G:A rs3842752 0|1 -0.1958 1.00 INS Missense
6:32406342:A:C rs3129871 0/1 0.1593 1.00 HLA-DRA Upstream
1:114377568:A:G rs2476601 0|1 -0.1547 1.00 PTPN22 Missense
6:32626302:T:G rs9273364 0|1 0.1385 1.00 HLA-DQB1-AS1 Upstream
6:64694354:C:T rs4710457 1|1 0.0688 2.00 EYS Missense
6:32411035:A:C rs8084 0/1 0.1355 1.00 HLA-DRA Loss of Function
8:142458053:A:G rs6578185 1|0 0.1008 1.00 MROH5 Loss of Function
20:31826027:T:C rs6059183 0|1 0.0584 1.00 BPIFA1 Splice Region
6:31602967:G:A rs1046089 1/0 0.0563 1.00 PRRC2A Missense
Type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes (T2D)
About Average
Typical type 2 diabetes risk

Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or the pancreas cannot produce enough. It is the most common form of diabetes, closely linked to obesity, physical inactivity, and family history. Early detection and lifestyle changes can significantly reduce risk.

Your score for Type 2 diabetes falls somewhat below the population average.

~9.3%
(95% CI 6.7%–12.6%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
10.3%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
36th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (60% - 70%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 0.89   95% CI 0.63 – 1.25   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 2.76 0.08 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
5:169310213:A:C rs17646221 1|1 0.0474 2.00 FAM196B Missense
22:50752150:C:T rs68178377 1|1 0.0376 2.00 DENND6B Missense
11:64124515:T:C rs612448 1|1 -0.0338 2.00 CCDC88B Missense
9:22137685:T:G rs7018475 1/1 0.0297 2.00 Intergenic
12:6948468:T:C rs1129649 1|1 0.0275 2.00 LEPREL2 Loss of Function
4:37910836:G:A rs2925951 1|1 -0.0274 2.00 TBC1D1 Intronic
3:183800463:G:A rs7648737 1|1 -0.0242 2.00 RP11-778D9.9 Loss of Function
9:22132076:A:G rs2383208 0/1 -0.0452 1.00 Intergenic
11:32293377:C:A rs7105928 1|1 -0.0197 2.00 RP1-65P5.1 Intronic
11:8264900:A:G rs437976 1/1 -0.0196 2.00 LMO1 Intronic
Body Composition 4 1 elevated 1 average 2 below avg
Fat-free mass
Whole body fat free mass
High
Higher lean muscle mass than average

Fat-free mass includes muscle, bone, water, and organs. Essentially, it is everything in your body that is not fat. Higher fat-free mass is generally associated with greater physical strength and a higher resting metabolic rate.

Your score for Fat-free mass is in the top 20%, indicating an elevated genetic predisposition.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
84th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 56.7 kilograms (95% CI 56.6 – 56.8 kilograms)
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
75.1 43.4 kilograms You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile. Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
8:120596023:A:G rs10283100 1|1 0.2351 2.00 ENPP2 Missense
3:185548683:G:A rs720390 1/1 0.1781 2.00 Intergenic
16:53800954:T:C rs1421085 1/0 0.3546 1.00 FTO Intronic
6:19839415:C:T rs41271299 0/1 0.2962 1.00 ID4 Intronic
2:622827:T:C rs2867125 1/1 0.1466 2.00 Intergenic
4:18025484:G:A rs2011603 1|1 -0.1400 2.00 LCORL Upstream
1:176792249:A:G rs1325598 1|1 0.1330 2.00 PAPPA2 Intronic
6:130349119:C:T rs6569648 1/1 -0.1281 2.00 L3MBTL3 Intronic
3:141102833:G:A rs6763931 1/0 0.2546 1.00 ZBTB38 Intronic
19:47569003:G:A rs3810291 1/1 0.1212 2.00 ZC3H4 3-prime UTR
Body fat percentage
Percentage of body mass that is fat
Below Average
Lower body fat percentage than average

Body fat percentage measures the proportion of your weight made up of fat tissue. Genetics influence where and how much fat your body stores. It is considered a more precise indicator of metabolic health than BMI alone.

Your score for Body fat percentage falls somewhat below the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
31th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 30.4 percent (95% CI 30.4 – 30.4 percent) · Population mean: 31.2 percent
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
31.2 42.5 22.7 percent You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (31.2 percent). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
16:53800954:T:C rs1421085 1/0 0.3026 1.00 FTO Intronic
12:108618630:C:T rs3764002 1|1 -0.1375 2.00 WSCD2 Missense
2:637830:A:G rs13393304 1|1 0.1305 2.00 Intergenic
16:4013467:C:T rs2531995 1/1 0.1080 2.00 ADCY9 3-prime UTR
14:29685328:G:A rs974471 1|1 0.1024 2.00 Regulatory
19:47569003:G:A rs3810291 1/1 0.0907 2.00 ZC3H4 3-prime UTR
11:27701365:G:A rs10835211 1/1 0.0899 2.00 BDNF Intronic
13:58265596:G:A rs9597588 1|1 -0.0887 2.00 PCDH17 Intronic
1:29475648:T:G rs2230679 1|1 0.0856 2.00 SRSF4 Missense
19:33953743:A:G rs6510386 1|1 0.0855 2.00 PEPD Intronic
Trunk fat percentage
Body fat percentage (trunk fat)
Below Average
Lower trunk fat percentage than average

Trunk fat refers to fat stored around the abdomen and internal organs (visceral fat). Higher trunk fat is associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, regardless of overall weight.

Your score for Trunk fat percentage falls somewhat below the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
37th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 31.4 percent (95% CI 31.3 – 31.5 percent)
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
44.0 20.0 percent You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile. Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
16:53800954:T:C rs1421085 1/0 0.2824 1.00 FTO Intronic
12:108618630:C:T rs3764002 1|1 -0.1389 2.00 WSCD2 Missense
2:637830:A:G rs13393304 1|1 0.1297 2.00 Intergenic
14:29685328:G:A rs974471 1|1 0.1174 2.00 Regulatory
16:4013467:C:T rs2531995 1/1 0.1155 2.00 ADCY9 3-prime UTR
19:33899065:G:A rs731839 1/1 0.1022 2.00 PEPD Intronic
11:27701365:G:A rs10835211 1/1 0.0975 2.00 BDNF Intronic
12:123112806:G:A rs6489159 1|1 0.0920 2.00 HCAR1 Intronic
19:47569003:G:A rs3810291 1/1 0.0918 2.00 ZC3H4 3-prime UTR
1:29475648:T:G rs2230679 1|1 0.0906 2.00 SRSF4 Missense
Waist circumference
This score reflects your genetic risk for higher waist circumference.
Average
Average waist circumference

Waist circumference is a measure of abdominal fat and is considered a better predictor of metabolic health risk than BMI alone. Excess abdominal fat is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and metabolic syndrome.

Your score for Waist circumference is near the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
41th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 3'0" (90.2 cm) (95% CI 2'11" – 3'0") · Population mean: 3'0" (91.4 cm)
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
3'0" 3'7" 2'5" Height You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (3'0", 91.4 cm). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
16:53800954:T:C rs1421085 1/0 0.7170 1.00 FTO Intronic
2:637830:A:G rs13393304 1|1 0.2615 2.00 Intergenic
11:27701365:G:A rs10835211 1/1 0.2284 2.00 BDNF Intronic
4:100239319:T:C rs1229984 1|1 0.2172 2.00 ADH1B Missense
19:47569003:G:A rs3810291 1/1 0.2108 2.00 ZC3H4 3-prime UTR
16:4013467:C:T rs2531995 1/1 0.2095 2.00 ADCY9 3-prime UTR
2:622827:T:C rs2867125 1/1 0.2072 2.00 Intergenic
16:20370810:C:T rs9652588 1|1 -0.1744 2.00 PDILT Missense
3:49924940:T:C rs1062633 1|1 0.1618 2.00 MST1R Missense
2:76554776:G:T rs10167686 1/1 -0.1606 2.00 Intergenic
Musculoskeletal 4 1 elevated 2 average 1 below avg
Hand grip strength
Right hand grip strength
High
Higher grip strength than average

Hand grip strength is a simple but powerful measure of overall muscular strength and health. Lower grip strength has been linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease, disability, and mortality. Genetics, physical activity, and nutrition all influence it.

Your score for Hand grip strength is in the top 20%, indicating an elevated genetic predisposition.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
88th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 33.6 kilograms (95% CI 33.4 – 33.8 kilograms) · Population mean: 32.3 kilograms
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
32.3 43.5 21.3 kilograms You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (32.3 kilograms). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
1:176792249:A:G rs1325598 1|1 0.1395 2.00 PAPPA2 Intronic
15:74336633:T:C rs5742915 1/1 0.1124 2.00 PML Missense
1:41502680:C:A rs1740610 1|1 -0.1035 2.00 SCMH1 Intronic
5:130766662:T:C rs1291602 1|1 0.0984 2.00 RAPGEF6 Missense
20:34025756:A:G rs143384 0/1 0.1563 1.00 GDF5 5-prime UTR
10:70332580:A:G rs10823229 1|1 0.0745 2.00 TET1 Missense
2:224992906:C:T rs988321 1|1 -0.0715 2.00 Regulatory
12:14993439:C:T rs11276 0|1 -0.1397 1.00 ART4 Missense
6:130374102:C:A rs9388768 1|1 -0.0697 2.00 L3MBTL3 Missense
17:43216281:C:T rs4986172 1/1 -0.0683 2.00 ACBD4 Intronic
Heel bone mineral density
Heel bone mineral density (BMD)
Below Average
Lower bone mineral density than average

Bone mineral density (BMD) measures how dense and strong your bones are. Lower BMD means bones are more fragile and more likely to fracture. Genetics account for a large share of BMD variation, with diet, exercise, and hormones also contributing.

Your score for Heel bone mineral density falls somewhat below the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
30th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 1.51 g/cm² (95% CI 1.51 – 1.52 g/cm²) · Population mean: 1.55 g/cm²
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
1.55 1.86 1.29 g/cm² You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (1.55 g/cm²). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
7:38110626:T:C rs1524068 1|1 0.0053 2.00 Intergenic
3:41123735:C:T rs10490823 1/1 0.0050 2.00 Intergenic
11:27325462:G:A rs10835157 1|1 -0.0048 2.00 Intergenic
2:202832130:T:C rs10931982 1|1 0.0048 2.00 Intergenic
20:39832628:T:C rs17265513 1/1 -0.0048 2.00 ZHX3 Missense
7:96133531:T:C rs7781370 1/1 0.0047 2.00 SHFM1 Intronic
6:152009638:A:G rs2941740 1/1 0.0042 2.00 ESR1 Intronic
1:220197625:G:T rs2230301 1|1 -0.0041 2.00 EPRS Missense
11:46898771:T:C rs6485702 1|1 -0.0041 2.00 LRP4 Missense
10:54411308:C:A rs10762857 1|1 0.0037 2.00 RP11-556E13.1 Intronic
Osteoarthritis
Risk of osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint condition causing cartilage breakdown and pain
About Average
Typical osteoarthritis risk

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, caused by the gradual breakdown of cartilage that cushions the joints. It most often affects the knees, hips, and hands. Aging, joint injury, obesity, and genetics all contribute to risk.

Your score for Osteoarthritis is near the population average.

~13.0%
(95% CI 11.9%–14.2%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
13.0%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
43th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (50% - 60%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.00   95% CI 0.91 – 1.10   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 1.36 0.63 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
1:103444679:T:G rs11164649 1|1 0.0165 2.00 COL11A1 Intronic
3:49924940:T:C rs1062633 1|1 0.0150 2.00 MST1R Missense
2:70703847:C:A rs958685 1|0 -0.0270 1.00 TGFA Intronic
12:69619392:A:G rs6581887 1|1 -0.0109 2.00 RP11-324P9.1 Downstream
10:131704434:C:T rs4751145 1|1 0.0101 2.00 EBF3 Intronic
10:51827934:G:A rs55875820 0|1 0.0201 1.00 FAM21A Missense
19:3093163:T:C rs4806907 1/1 -0.0092 2.00 GNA11 Upstream
8:4755088:T:C rs7000541 1|1 -0.0092 2.00 CSMD1 Intronic
7:6656897:A:G rs1806552 1|1 0.0089 2.00 ZNF853 Missense
6:55142337:A:G rs2653349 1/1 -0.0087 2.00 HCRTR2 Missense
Osteoporosis
Risk of osteoporosis
About Average
Typical osteoporosis risk

Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become weak and brittle, greatly increasing fracture risk. It is most common in postmenopausal women and older adults. Family history, low calcium intake, and physical inactivity are important risk factors.

Your score for Osteoporosis is near the population average.

~11.0%
(95% CI 9.5%–12.7%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
10.0%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
56th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (40% - 50%]
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.11   95% CI 0.94 – 1.31   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 2.11 0.35 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
3:41123735:C:T rs10490823 1/1 -0.0391 2.00 Intergenic
11:46898771:T:C rs6485702 1|1 0.0306 2.00 LRP4 Missense
6:152009638:A:G rs2941740 1/1 -0.0299 2.00 ESR1 Intronic
12:53662624:C:A rs6580942 1|1 0.0284 2.00 ESPL1 Missense
18:51820805:G:A rs8305 1/1 0.0265 2.00 POLI Missense
1:68603586:C:T rs983034 0/1 0.0520 1.00 WLS Missense
3:46187707:G:A rs4683184 1|1 -0.0243 2.00 FLT1P1 Upstream
3:49538799:T:C rs11130199 1|1 -0.0239 2.00 DAG1 Intronic
4:88775243:T:C rs1471403 1/0 0.0456 1.00 Intergenic
7:38136277:T:C rs1524058 1/0 -0.0454 1.00 Intergenic
Respiratory & Sleep 4 1 elevated 2 average 1 below avg
Snoring
Likelihood of habitual snoring, a common proxy for sleep-disordered breathing and sleep apnea risk
Well Below Average
Less likely to snore

Habitual snoring occurs when airflow through the nose and throat is partially obstructed during sleep. It can be a sign of obstructive sleep apnea, a condition linked to cardiovascular disease and daytime fatigue. Anatomy, weight, and genetics all play a role.

Your score for Snoring falls in the bottom 20% of the population, suggesting a lower-than-average genetic predisposition.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
2th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (90% - 100%]
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 0.71   95% CI 0.67 – 0.76
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 1.57 0.52 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
10:9061370:C:T rs2589559 1|1 -0.0226 2.00 Intergenic
11:8484089:C:T rs10769908 1|1 -0.0190 2.00 STK33 Intronic
3:55710455:C:T rs815416 1|1 -0.0169 2.00 ERC2 Intronic
13:40739333:G:A rs7339301 1|1 -0.0145 2.00 Intergenic
7:77043863:A:G rs6465633 1/1 0.0139 2.00 GSAP Intronic
4:25408838:G:A rs34811474 0|1 -0.0274 1.00 ANAPC4 Missense
1:34750936:T:C rs771390 1|1 0.0136 2.00 Intergenic
2:156751921:T:C rs1520339 1|1 0.0136 2.00 Intergenic
6:116446576:A:G rs1064583 1/1 -0.0133 2.00 COL10A1 Missense
13:69482984:G:A rs9541621 1|1 0.0130 2.00 Intergenic
Lung function
Lung function (FEV1/FVC)
Above Average
Higher lung function than average

FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in one second) measures how much air you can exhale in one second and is a key indicator of lung health. Lower values can indicate obstructive conditions like asthma or COPD. Genetics, smoking history, and environmental exposures all influence lung function.

Your score for Lung function is above the population average, suggesting a higher-than-average predisposition.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
67th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 1.76 (95% CI 1.76 – 1.76) · Population mean: 1.76
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
1.76 1.86 1.61 Effect size You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (1.76). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
12:96249476:A:C rs4762631 1|1 -0.0016 2.00 RP11-536G4.2 Intronic
1:218521609:G:A rs2799098 1|1 -0.0013 2.00 TGFB2 Intronic
16:75415341:T:C rs1549306 1|1 -0.0012 2.00 CFDP1 Intronic
4:89860847:C:T rs2464523 1/1 -0.0012 2.00 FAM13A Intronic
1:92077097:G:A rs1192415 1/0 0.0024 1.00 Regulatory
22:18472430:A:G rs393719 1|1 0.0012 2.00 MICAL3 Intronic
1:239881926:A:G rs891700 1|1 -0.0010 2.00 CHRM3-AS2 Intronic
10:89827275:C:T rs1855972 1|1 0.0010 2.00 Intergenic
2:239876527:T:C rs62191107 1|0 0.0020 1.00 Intergenic
1:92373747:A:G rs12141128 1|1 0.0010 2.00 TGFBR3 Upstream
COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
About Average
Typical COPD risk

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is a progressive lung condition that makes it increasingly hard to breathe. Smoking is the leading cause, but genetics (most notably alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency) can increase susceptibility even in non-smokers.

Your score for COPD is near the population average.

~5.4%
(95% CI 4.5%–6.4%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
5.6%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
60th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (40% - 50%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 0.96   95% CI 0.80 – 1.16   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 1.76 0.43 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
15:78882925:G:A rs16969968 1/0 0.0621 1.00 CHRNA5 Missense
12:68125847:A:C rs1904566 1|1 -0.0244 2.00 RP11-43N5.1 Upstream
4:145480780:A:G rs1828591 1|0 -0.0471 1.00 Intergenic
11:1267325:T:C rs55813014 0|1 -0.0401 1.00 MUC5B Missense
3:108634973:C:A rs10933973 1|1 0.0191 2.00 GUCA1C Loss of Function
22:17412806:C:T rs5992590 1|1 0.0178 2.00 IGKV1OR22-1 Downstream
6:152005534:C:T rs851995 1/1 0.0170 2.00 ESR1 Intronic
11:30848413:C:T rs1448941 1|1 -0.0166 2.00 DCDC1 Downstream
8:86253982:C:T rs1496532 1/1 0.0163 2.00 CA1 Loss of Function
3:136574501:A:G rs1052618 1|1 0.0161 2.00 SLC35G2 Missense
Asthma
Asthma (diagnosed by doctor)
Average
Typical asthma risk

Asthma is a chronic condition in which the airways become inflamed and narrowed, causing wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing. It often begins in childhood and frequently co-occurs with allergies and eczema. Genetics and environmental exposures both contribute.

Your score for Asthma is near the population average.

~16.5%
(95% CI 15.3%–17.8%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
14.7%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=302,171, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
57th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (40% - 50%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.15   95% CI 1.05 – 1.26
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 3.22 -0.02 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
11:76291154:G:A rs61893460 1|1 0.0782 2.00 Intergenic
9:6072597:T:C rs343476 1|1 0.0661 2.00 Intergenic
17:38064469:T:C rs11078928 1|0 -0.0823 1.00 GSDMB Loss of Function
5:110401872:T:C rs1837253 1/0 0.0784 1.00 TSLP Upstream
5:110406742:C:T rs3806933 1/1 -0.0360 2.00 TSLP 5-prime UTR
16:11541896:G:A rs4238608 1/1 -0.0350 2.00 CTD-3088G3.8 Missense
10:9049253:C:T rs12413578 0/1 -0.0691 1.00 Intergenic
5:131901225:A:G rs2244012 0/1 0.0666 1.00 RAD50 Intronic
14:69254191:C:T rs4902647 1|1 -0.0319 2.00 ZFP36L1 Downstream
4:38799710:T:C rs4833095 1/0 -0.0629 1.00 TLR1 Missense
Neurological 3 1 elevated 2 average
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease (algorithmically-defined)
Above Average
Higher genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, characterized by progressive memory loss, confusion, and cognitive decline. The APOE gene is the strongest common genetic risk factor, with the e4 variant significantly increasing risk. Age is the single biggest non-genetic factor.

Your score for Alzheimer's disease is above the population average, suggesting a higher-than-average predisposition.

~6.0%
(95% CI 3.0%–11.6%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
1.5%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
77th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (20% - 30%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 4.20   95% CI 2.00 – 8.60
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 17.9 -2.70 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (9)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
19:45422946:A:G rs4420638 0/1 0.6437 1.00 APOC1 Downstream
19:45410002:G:A rs769449 1/0 0.1896 1.00 APOE Non-coding
19:45395714:T:C rs157581 1/0 0.1232 1.00 TOMM40 Synonymous
8:86253982:C:T rs1496532 1/1 -0.0459 2.00 CA1 Loss of Function
19:58003580:A:G rs2074071 1|1 -0.0303 2.00 ZNF419 Loss of Function
8:146067054:G:A rs1735169 1|1 -0.0106 2.00 ZNF7 Missense
17:3953102:A:G rs781852 0|1 0.0151 1.00 ZZEF1 Missense
12:49308284:A:G rs10747556 0/1 0.0017 1.00 CCDC65 Missense
3:171395468:A:G rs2124147 1|0 0.0015 1.00 PLD1 Missense
Multiple sclerosis
Risk of multiple sclerosis, an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the protective myelin sheath of nerve fibers
About Average Limited data
Typical multiple sclerosis risk

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the myelin sheath that protects nerve fibers, disrupting communication between the brain and body. The HLA gene region is the strongest genetic risk factor, and vitamin D levels and viral infections also play a role.

Your score for Multiple sclerosis is above the population average, suggesting a higher-than-average predisposition.

Limited variant data: Only 63% of this score's variants were found in your data (65% recommended). This result should be interpreted with extra caution.
~0.61%
(95% CI 0.40%–0.98%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
0.44%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=376,362, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
77th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (20% - 30%]
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.40   95% CI 0.90 – 2.25   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 6.91 -0.86 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
6:32411035:A:C rs8084 0/1 -0.0672 1.00 HLA-DRA Loss of Function
14:69254191:C:T rs4902647 1|1 -0.0207 2.00 ZFP36L1 Downstream
4:103557077:G:A rs2866413 1/0 0.0368 1.00 MANBA Missense
19:8808373:G:T rs4804079 1/1 0.0166 2.00 ACTL9 Missense
7:123773562:C:T rs12672951 1|1 -0.0155 2.00 RP5-921G16.1 Intronic
11:64597506:T:C rs3741395 0|1 -0.0286 1.00 CDC42BPG Missense
8:145059425:T:C rs11136344 1/0 0.0268 1.00 PARP10 Missense
6:12124855:G:A rs2228213 1/0 -0.0204 1.00 HIVEP1 Missense
8:145058986:A:G rs11136343 0|1 0.0201 1.00 PARP10 Missense
12:12062539:C:T rs3983843 1|0 -0.0118 1.00 Intergenic
Migraine
Risk of migraine
About Average
Typical migraine risk

Migraine is a neurological condition causing recurrent episodes of intense, often one-sided headache, frequently accompanied by nausea, light sensitivity, and visual disturbances (aura). It affects about 15% of adults and has a strong genetic component.

Your score for Migraine is above the population average, suggesting a higher-than-average predisposition.

~15.3%
(95% CI 13.5%–17.4%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
14.8%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
72th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (20% - 30%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.04   95% CI 0.90 – 1.21   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 1.57 0.46 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
6:97058553:A:G rs2273621 0/1 0.0459 1.00 FHL5 Missense
12:57527283:T:C rs11172113 1/0 -0.0381 1.00 LRP1 Intronic
2:211540507:C:A rs1047891 1/0 0.0287 1.00 CPS1 Missense
11:3249984:C:T rs12295710 1|0 0.0177 1.00 MRGPRE Missense
12:57525756:G:A rs4759275 0|1 -0.0168 1.00 LRP1 Intronic
9:119252629:A:G rs6478241 1/1 -0.0083 2.00 ASTN2 Intronic
5:74965122:G:A rs34358 0|1 -0.0154 1.00 ANKDD1B Loss of Function
1:3083712:T:C rs2651899 1/0 0.0122 1.00 PRDM16 Intronic
11:10673739:T:C rs4909945 1/1 0.0051 2.00 MRVI1 Missense
2:234825093:T:C rs10166942 1/0 -0.0024 1.00 TRPM8 Upstream
Mental Health & Cognition 1 1 elevated
Worrier/anxious feelings
Feelings of worry or anxiety
Above Average
More likely to worry or feel anxious

This trait captures a person's self-reported tendency to worry or feel anxious. While not a clinical diagnosis, chronic anxiety can affect quality of life and is associated with higher risk of depression and cardiovascular disease. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute.

Your score for Worrier/anxious feelings is above the population average, suggesting a higher-than-average predisposition.

~59.5%
(95% CI 58.1%–60.7%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
57.4%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=368,332, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
67th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (30% - 40%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.09   95% CI 1.03 – 1.15
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 1.70 0.51 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
2:10178236:A:G rs4396680 1|1 -0.0249 2.00 KLF11 Upstream
11:31812582:C:T rs2071754 1|1 -0.0222 2.00 PAX6 Non-coding
16:59463985:A:G rs2048319 1|1 -0.0217 2.00 Intergenic
12:108618630:C:T rs3764002 1|1 0.0204 2.00 WSCD2 Missense
3:50369546:C:A rs2073498 1|1 0.0183 2.00 RASSF1 Missense
7:561838:T:C rs62433354 1|1 -0.0173 2.00 AC147651.3 Non-coding
11:27701365:G:A rs10835211 1/1 -0.0171 2.00 BDNF Intronic
19:9490814:C:T rs2217652 1/1 0.0168 2.00 ZNF177 Missense
6:12029416:T:G rs2327505 1|1 0.0166 2.00 HIVEP1 Intronic
17:8243785:A:G rs12936935 1|1 -0.0164 2.00 ODF4 Missense
Immune & Autoimmune 4 1 elevated 2 average 1 below avg
Eczema/dermatitis
Eczema, dermatitis
Very High
Higher eczema risk

Eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition causing itchy, inflamed patches. It often begins in childhood and can persist into adulthood, frequently co-occurring with asthma and hay fever. Skin-barrier gene variants like those in FLG are important risk factors.

Your score for Eczema/dermatitis is in the top 5%, indicating a substantially elevated predisposition.

~15.5%
(95% CI 13.7%–17.4%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
10.5%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
100th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: [0% - 10%]
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.56   95% CI 1.35 – 1.80
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 2.02 0.47 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
1:152176769:A:G rs61814928 1/1 0.0460 2.00 FLG-AS1 Intronic
11:76291154:G:A rs61893460 1|1 0.0438 2.00 Intergenic
1:152193286:G:T rs7545406 1|1 0.0302 2.00 HRNR Missense
5:131995964:A:G rs20541 0/1 -0.0540 1.00 IL13 Missense
5:172725336:G:A rs11744669 1|1 -0.0266 2.00 Intergenic
10:64376558:T:C rs10822037 1|1 0.0246 2.00 ZNF365 Intronic
1:154426970:A:C rs2228145 1|0 0.0474 1.00 IL6R Missense
1:152308971:C:T rs61816764 1/1 0.0214 2.00 FLG-AS1 Intronic
11:76299194:G:T rs2155219 1/1 0.0211 2.00 RP11-672A2.7 Upstream
4:122683007:G:A rs4370153 1|1 0.0202 2.00 TMEM155 Missense
Psoriasis
Risk of psoriasis, a chronic autoimmune skin condition causing scaly patches and inflammation
Well Below Average
Lower psoriasis risk

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition that causes skin cells to multiply too quickly, leading to thick, red, scaly patches. It can also affect the joints (psoriatic arthritis). The HLA-C gene region is the strongest genetic risk factor.

Your score for Psoriasis falls in the bottom 20% of the population, suggesting a lower-than-average genetic predisposition.

~1.7%
(95% CI 1.1%–2.3%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
3.0%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
3th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (90% - 100%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 0.55   95% CI 0.37 – 0.75
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 6.89 -0.72 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
5:158826357:A:G rs918519 1/1 -0.0906 2.00 Intergenic
5:158787385:G:A rs6556412 1/0 -0.0946 1.00 AC008697.1 Intronic
5:96124330:T:C rs30187 1/1 -0.0394 2.00 ERAP1 Missense
19:10475652:C:A rs2304256 1/0 -0.0780 1.00 TYK2 Missense
17:41167957:C:A rs455055 1|1 -0.0317 2.00 VAT1 Loss of Function
1:152551276:A:G rs4112788 1/1 0.0310 2.00 LCE3D Downstream
1:152552285:C:A rs512208 1|1 0.0279 2.00 LCE3D Missense
12:111884608:T:C rs3184504 1/0 -0.0537 1.00 SH2B3 Missense
11:128379964:A:G rs7951925 0/1 -0.0477 1.00 ETS1 Intronic
1:197812669:G:A rs6692930 1|1 -0.0233 2.00 Intergenic
Rheumatoid arthritis
Risk of rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease causing chronic joint inflammation and pain
About Average
Typical rheumatoid arthritis risk

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the joints, causing pain, swelling, and eventual joint damage. It most commonly begins in middle age and is two to three times more common in women.

Your score for Rheumatoid arthritis falls somewhat below the population average.

~0.88%
(95% CI 0.71%–1.1%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
1.0%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
34th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (60% - 70%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 0.88   95% CI 0.71 – 1.12   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 3.14 0.08 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
1:114377568:A:G rs2476601 0|1 -0.0799 1.00 PTPN22 Missense
7:128578301:G:T rs2004640 0|1 0.0407 1.00 IRF5 Loss of Function
11:131097789:G:T rs1113927 1|1 0.0201 2.00 Intergenic
4:983060:T:C rs3796622 1|1 0.0198 2.00 SLC26A1 Missense
6:32406342:A:C rs3129871 0/1 0.0370 1.00 HLA-DRA Upstream
5:55444683:G:A rs7731626 1/0 -0.0323 1.00 ANKRD55 Intronic
5:34542217:A:G rs10941200 1|1 -0.0135 2.00 Intergenic
2:202006096:G:A rs10190751 1/0 0.0265 1.00 CFLAR Loss of Function
17:2268311:G:A rs2248821 1|0 0.0224 1.00 SGSM2 Missense
1:20442054:T:C rs584367 0|1 0.0207 1.00 PLA2G2D Missense
Hayfever/allergic rhinitis
Risk of hayfever or allergic rhinitis
About Average
Typical hayfever risk

Hay fever (allergic rhinitis) is an immune overreaction to airborne allergens like pollen, dust mites, or pet dander, causing sneezing, congestion, and itchy eyes. It is part of the "atopic triad" along with asthma and eczema, and tends to run in families.

Your score for Hayfever/allergic rhinitis falls somewhat below the population average.

~26.2%
(95% CI 24.0%–28.6%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
26.0%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
38th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (60% - 70%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.01   95% CI 0.90 – 1.14   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 1.88 0.39 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
11:76291154:G:A rs61893460 1|1 0.0316 2.00 Intergenic
4:38799710:T:C rs4833095 1/0 -0.0475 1.00 TLR1 Missense
1:167432949:T:C rs1773542 1|1 -0.0227 2.00 CD247 Intronic
15:91009484:G:A rs2074585 1|1 -0.0210 2.00 IQGAP1 Splice polypyrimidine tract variant
6:32337686:A:G rs3129941 0/1 -0.0416 1.00 C6orf10 Missense
7:99270539:C:T rs776746 0/1 0.0401 1.00 CYP3A5 Loss of Function
5:110401872:T:C rs1837253 1/0 0.0401 1.00 TSLP Upstream
1:85547945:T:C rs7534574 1|1 -0.0167 2.00 WDR63 Intronic
2:8438693:C:T rs346835 0|1 -0.0276 1.00 LINC00299 Intronic
9:6192796:T:C rs2095044 0|1 -0.0255 1.00 RP11-575C20.1 Upstream
Digestive Health 4 2 elevated 1 average 1 below avg
Inflammatory bowel disease
Risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
Very High
Higher inflammatory bowel disease risk

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic conditions, primarily Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, involving inflammation of the digestive tract. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fatigue. Over 200 genetic loci have been linked to IBD risk.

Your score for Inflammatory bowel disease is in the top 5%, indicating a substantially elevated predisposition.

~2.5%
(95% CI 2.0%–3.1%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
1.2%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
96th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: [0% - 10%]
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 2.06   95% CI 1.66 – 2.58
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 2.99 0.11 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
1:67675516:C:T rs11805303 1/1 0.0862 2.00 IL23R Intronic
1:20171860:G:A rs6426833 1/1 0.0399 2.00 Regulatory
21:40465534:G:A rs2836878 1/0 -0.0732 1.00 Intergenic
1:161479745:A:G rs1801274 0/1 -0.0674 1.00 FCGR2A Missense
5:131676320:C:T rs1050152 0/1 0.0651 1.00 SLC22A4 Missense
1:206939904:G:A rs3024505 1/0 0.0591 1.00 IL10 Downstream
10:64415184:A:G rs7076156 0/1 0.0519 1.00 ZNF365 Missense
17:38064469:T:C rs11078928 1|0 0.0477 1.00 GSDMB Loss of Function
6:32626272:C:A rs9273363 1/0 -0.0445 1.00 HLA-DQB1-AS1 Upstream
5:10752315:C:T rs267939 1|1 -0.0202 2.00 DAP Intronic
Ulcerative colitis
Risk of ulcerative colitis, a type of inflammatory bowel disease causing inflammation of the colon lining
High
Higher ulcerative colitis risk

Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that specifically affects the colon and rectum, causing continuous inflammation of the inner lining. Symptoms include bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and urgency. It shares genetic risk factors with other autoimmune conditions.

Your score for Ulcerative colitis is in the top 20%, indicating an elevated genetic predisposition.

~2.3%
(95% CI 1.8%–2.9%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
1.00%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
92th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: [0% - 10%]
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 2.32   95% CI 1.84 – 2.94
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 3.46 -0.20 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
1:67670213:G:A rs1004819 1/1 0.0722 2.00 C1orf141 Intronic
21:40465534:G:A rs2836878 1/0 -0.0932 1.00 Intergenic
1:161479745:A:G rs1801274 0/1 -0.0927 1.00 FCGR2A Missense
17:27959903:G:A rs2289629 1/1 0.0434 2.00 SSH2 Missense
1:20171860:G:A rs6426833 1/1 0.0430 2.00 Regulatory
1:151761172:A:G rs12756855 1|1 0.0293 2.00 TDRKH Intronic
1:20131771:C:T rs2314757 1|0 -0.0544 1.00 Intergenic
5:10752315:C:T rs267939 1|1 -0.0261 2.00 DAP Intronic
22:50435480:A:G rs5771069 1/1 0.0236 2.00 IL17REL Missense
20:43065028:A:C rs6017342 0/1 0.0433 1.00 RP5-1013A22.5 Downstream
Crohn's disease
Risk of Crohn's disease, a type of inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the digestive tract
About Average
Typical Crohn's disease risk

Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the digestive tract, from mouth to anus. It causes chronic inflammation leading to abdominal pain, diarrhea, and malnutrition. Variants in the NOD2 gene were among the first genetic risk factors discovered.

Your score for Crohn's disease is in the top 20%, indicating an elevated genetic predisposition.

~0.64%
(95% CI 0.44%–0.91%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
0.52%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
83th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (10% - 20%]
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.22   95% CI 0.84 – 1.76   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 2.84 0.03 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
1:67694202:A:G rs2201841 1/1 0.0563 2.00 IL23R Intronic
2:234183368:A:G rs2241880 1/1 0.0400 2.00 ATG16L1 Missense
9:96209943:T:C rs10821128 1|0 -0.0717 1.00 FAM120AOS Missense
1:67675516:C:T rs11805303 1/1 0.0356 2.00 IL23R Intronic
5:40437948:C:T rs9292777 0/1 0.0663 1.00 Regulatory
4:41015899:C:T rs4861358 1|1 0.0327 2.00 APBB2 Missense
20:4705718:C:T rs2245220 1/1 0.0318 2.00 PRND Missense
7:48128850:G:A rs3763505 1|0 -0.0593 1.00 UPP1 Loss of Function
1:206943968:C:A rs3024493 1/0 0.0591 1.00 IL10 Intronic
6:165798894:C:T rs220807 1|1 0.0240 2.00 PDE10A Intronic
Gallstones
Risk of gallstones (cholelithiasis), a common digestive condition caused by hardened deposits in the gallbladder
Well Below Average
Lower gallstone risk

Gallstones are hardened deposits of bile that form in the gallbladder. They can cause severe abdominal pain when they block bile ducts. Risk factors include obesity, rapid weight loss, female sex, and genetics, particularly variants in the ABCG8 cholesterol transporter gene.

Your score for Gallstones falls in the bottom 20% of the population, suggesting a lower-than-average genetic predisposition.

~7.2%
(95% CI 6.3%–8.2%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
10.0%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
20th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (80% - 90%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 0.70   95% CI 0.60 – 0.80
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 3.07 0.06 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
19:49206674:G:A rs601338 1/1 0.0812 2.00 FUT2 Loss of Function
2:44074431:C:T rs4245791 0/1 0.1451 1.00 ABCG8 Intronic
7:87106365:G:A rs4148805 0|1 -0.0933 1.00 ABCB4 Splice Region
19:48384749:G:A rs10426201 1|1 0.0448 2.00 SULT2A1 Intronic
4:151199080:G:A rs2290846 1|0 0.0855 1.00 LRBA Missense
3:149225903:A:G rs6779678 1/1 -0.0409 2.00 TM4SF4 Downstream
8:59388565:T:C rs2081687 1/0 -0.0794 1.00 Intergenic
2:44001139:C:T rs17031488 0|1 -0.0626 1.00 DYNC2LI1 Upstream
12:108618630:C:T rs3764002 1|1 -0.0313 2.00 WSCD2 Missense
22:40654276:T:C rs12628051 1/1 0.0255 2.00 TNRC6B Intronic
Blood & Hematology 11 4 elevated 2 average 5 below avg
Platelet count
This score helps predict your platelet count based on your genes.
Well Below Average
Lower platelet count than average

Platelets are small blood cells that help your body form clots to stop bleeding. A normal count ranges from about 150,000 to 400,000 per microliter. Counts that are too low increase bleeding risk, while counts that are too high can promote unwanted clotting.

Your score for Platelet count falls in the bottom 20% of the population, suggesting a lower-than-average genetic predisposition.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
13th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 222.0 cells per microliter (95% CI 220.0 – 224.0 cells per microliter) · Population mean: 255.6 cells per microliter
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
255.6 412.0 132.0 cells per microliter You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (255.6 cells per microliter). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
1:171949750:T:C rs10914144 1|1 -4.2711 2.00 DNM3 Intronic
12:111884608:T:C rs3184504 1/0 -7.6314 1.00 SH2B3 Missense
3:56849749:T:C rs1354034 1/0 7.3695 1.00 ARHGEF3 Intronic
2:31464829:A:G rs647316 1/1 3.5688 2.00 EHD3 Intronic
3:184090266:C:T rs6141 1/1 2.9281 2.00 THPO 3-prime UTR
13:95898207:A:G rs4148441 1/1 2.4019 2.00 ABCC4 Intronic
15:63341996:T:C rs11071720 1/1 2.3174 2.00 TPM1 Intronic
20:30294682:T:C rs80054178 1/0 4.5583 1.00 BCL2L1 Intronic
1:205237137:T:C rs1668871 1/1 2.2740 2.00 TMCC2 Intronic
9:4763176:T:C rs385893 1/0 4.0686 1.00 Regulatory
Eosinophil count
This score predicts your eosinophil count, a type of white blood cell.
High
Higher eosinophil count than average

Eosinophils are white blood cells involved in fighting parasitic infections and mediating allergic responses. Elevated counts (eosinophilia) are commonly seen in allergies, asthma, and eczema. Genetic variants influence baseline eosinophil levels independent of active disease.

Your score for Eosinophil count is in the top 20%, indicating an elevated genetic predisposition.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
85th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 1.21 cells/µL (95% CI 1.20 – 1.21 cells/µL) · Population mean: 1.18 cells/µL
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
1.18 1.43 1.01 cells/µL You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (1.18 cells/µL). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
12:111884608:T:C rs3184504 1/0 -0.0099 1.00 SH2B3 Missense
9:6193455:C:A rs2381416 1/0 -0.0075 1.00 RP11-575C20.1 Upstream
5:131901225:A:G rs2244012 0/1 0.0070 1.00 RAD50 Intronic
7:75442723:G:A rs11465293 1/0 -0.0061 1.00 CCL24 Missense
10:28793239:A:G rs2998285 1/1 0.0030 2.00 Intergenic
1:9713500:G:A rs4240896 1|1 -0.0022 2.00 C1orf200 3-prime UTR
7:92408370:C:T rs445 0/1 -0.0045 1.00 CDK6 Intronic
15:80191343:G:A rs7257 1|1 0.0022 2.00 ST20 Missense
1:42365548:C:T rs783625 1|1 0.0022 2.00 HIVEP3 Intronic
13:41188292:A:G rs3900833 1|1 0.0022 2.00 FOXO1 Intronic
Basophil count
This score reflects your genetic tendency to have a higher or lower basophil count.
Well Below Average
Lower basophil count than average

Basophils are the rarest type of white blood cell, making up less than 1% of circulating leukocytes. They play a role in allergic reactions and inflammation by releasing histamine and other chemicals. Elevated counts can be seen in allergic conditions and some blood disorders.

Your score for Basophil count falls in the bottom 20% of the population, suggesting a lower-than-average genetic predisposition.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
20th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 1.03 cells/µL (95% CI 1.03 – 1.03 cells/µL) · Population mean: 1.03 cells/µL
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
1.03 1.08 0.99 cells/µL You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (1.03 cells/µL). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
1:236108446:C:T rs6662383 1|1 0.0028 2.00 RP5-940F7.2 Upstream
7:92408370:C:T rs445 0/1 -0.0025 1.00 CDK6 Intronic
3:46250652:C:T rs3181077 1|1 -0.0010 2.00 CCR3 Intronic
15:91009484:G:A rs2074585 1|1 -0.0009 2.00 IQGAP1 Splice polypyrimidine tract variant
8:22974450:T:C rs9644063 1|1 -0.0008 2.00 TNFRSF10C Missense
19:33754548:C:T rs78744187 1|0 -0.0011 1.00 Intergenic
18:61377579:A:C rs1395268 1/1 -0.0005 2.00 SERPINB11 Missense
18:51820805:G:A rs8305 1/1 0.0005 2.00 POLI Missense
7:45009341:A:G rs3735485 1/1 0.0005 2.00 MYO1G Missense
3:128338953:T:C rs1127030 1|1 0.0005 2.00 RPN1 3-prime UTR
Hemoglobin
Haemoglobin concentration
Above Average
Higher hemoglobin than average

Hemoglobin is the protein inside red blood cells that carries oxygen. Low hemoglobin (anemia) causes fatigue, shortness of breath, and pallor. Iron deficiency is the most common cause worldwide, but genetics also influence baseline hemoglobin levels.

Your score for Hemoglobin is above the population average, suggesting a higher-than-average predisposition.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
79th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 15.4 g/dL (95% CI 15.4 – 15.4 g/dL) · Population mean: 15.2 g/dL
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
15.2 17.1 13.5 g/dL You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (15.2 g/dL). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
10:71093392:C:T rs16926246 0/1 0.0956 1.00 HK1 Intronic
12:48512285:C:A rs4760682 1|1 -0.0348 2.00 PFKM Missense
12:111884608:T:C rs3184504 1/0 -0.0507 1.00 SH2B3 Missense
17:59456589:C:T rs9895661 1/1 -0.0247 2.00 BCAS3 Non-coding
2:46353166:A:G rs10495928 0/1 -0.0472 1.00 PRKCE Intronic
22:37509965:A:C rs228929 1|1 -0.0192 2.00 TMPRSS6 Upstream
1:231488524:C:T rs2437150 1|1 0.0184 2.00 SPRTN Missense
9:136149399:G:A rs1834956251 1/0 -0.0361 1.00 ABO Intronic
9:130622946:T:C rs4837197 1|1 -0.0178 2.00 Intergenic
14:64723525:G:A rs12435857 1/1 -0.0165 2.00 ESR2 Intronic
Red Blood Cell Count
Red blood cell count
Above Average
Higher red blood cell count than average

Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to every tissue in the body. A low count (anemia) can cause fatigue and weakness, while a high count can thicken the blood and increase clotting risk. Genetics, altitude, and nutritional status all influence your count.

Your score for Red Blood Cell Count is above the population average, suggesting a higher-than-average predisposition.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
78th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 5.63 million cells/µL (95% CI 5.62 – 5.64 million cells/µL) · Population mean: 5.51 million cells/µL
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
5.51 6.28 4.75 million cells/µL You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (5.51 million cells/µL). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
19:33754548:C:T rs78744187 1|0 0.0300 1.00 Intergenic
6:139840693:A:C rs592423 1|1 0.0119 2.00 Regulatory
13:76075597:A:G rs7318786 1|1 -0.0119 2.00 Intergenic
7:50428428:C:A rs12718597 1/1 -0.0108 2.00 IKZF1 Intronic
10:71093392:C:T rs16926246 0/1 0.0196 1.00 HK1 Intronic
12:121162854:T:G rs2948149 1|1 0.0094 2.00 RP11-173P15.5 Upstream
1:118154575:T:C rs67224956 1|1 0.0092 2.00 FAM46C Intronic
1:231488524:C:T rs2437150 1|1 0.0089 2.00 SPRTN Missense
12:4330215:C:T rs4573764 0|1 -0.0165 1.00 Intergenic
12:48512285:C:A rs4760682 1|1 -0.0082 2.00 PFKM Missense
White Blood Cell Count
White blood cell count
Below Average
Lower white blood cell count than average

White blood cells (leukocytes) are the frontline of your immune system, defending against infections and foreign substances. Your baseline count is partly genetic. Persistently elevated counts can signal chronic inflammation, while low counts may indicate immune vulnerability.

Your score for White Blood Cell Count falls somewhat below the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
25th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 7.57 cells per microliter (95% CI 7.54 – 7.60 cells per microliter) · Population mean: 7.96 cells per microliter
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
7.96 11.8 4.63 cells per microliter You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (7.96 cells per microliter). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
7:92408370:C:T rs445 0/1 -0.1157 1.00 CDK6 Intronic
19:45766729:G:A rs7255933 1|1 -0.0538 2.00 MARK4 Intronic
7:45009341:A:G rs3735485 1/1 0.0522 2.00 MYO1G Missense
12:111884608:T:C rs3184504 1/0 -0.0999 1.00 SH2B3 Missense
1:236108446:C:T rs6662383 1|1 -0.0495 2.00 RP5-940F7.2 Upstream
7:28715056:A:G rs16874653 1/1 0.0491 2.00 CREB5 Intronic
7:28279243:G:A rs4722771 1/1 0.0456 2.00 JAZF1-AS1 Intronic
2:182313246:C:T rs4667283 1|1 0.0415 2.00 Intergenic
5:71741381:A:G rs7729012 1|1 -0.0400 2.00 ZNF366 Intronic
10:28793239:A:G rs2998285 1/1 0.0393 2.00 Intergenic
Neutrophil Count
Neutrophil count
Below Average
Lower neutrophil count than average

Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are the first responders to bacterial infections. A high count often indicates active infection or inflammation, while a persistently low count (neutropenia) can increase susceptibility to infections.

Your score for Neutrophil Count falls somewhat below the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
30th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 5.00 cells/μL (95% CI 4.98 – 5.02 cells/μL) · Population mean: 5.25 cells/μL
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
5.25 8.27 2.82 cells/μL You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (5.25 cells/μL). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
7:92408370:C:T rs445 0/1 -0.0987 1.00 CDK6 Intronic
7:28279243:G:A rs4722771 1/1 0.0461 2.00 JAZF1-AS1 Intronic
7:28715056:A:G rs16874653 1/1 0.0438 2.00 CREB5 Intronic
19:45766729:G:A rs7255933 1|1 -0.0433 2.00 MARK4 Intronic
1:236108446:C:T rs6662383 1|1 -0.0393 2.00 RP5-940F7.2 Upstream
5:71741381:A:G rs7729012 1|1 -0.0323 2.00 ZNF366 Intronic
10:99097191:G:A rs4917766 1/1 0.0304 2.00 RP11-452K12.4 Intronic
10:28793239:A:G rs2998285 1/1 0.0301 2.00 Intergenic
7:45009341:A:G rs3735485 1/1 0.0286 2.00 MYO1G Missense
1:56905342:G:T rs6588629 1|1 0.0275 2.00 Intergenic
Lymphocyte count
This score estimates your predisposition to have a higher or lower lymphocyte count.
Above Average
Higher lymphocyte count than average

Lymphocytes are a major type of white blood cell central to the adaptive immune system, including T cells and B cells. They are essential for fighting viral infections and producing antibodies. Your baseline count is partly determined by genetics.

Your score for Lymphocyte count is above the population average, suggesting a higher-than-average predisposition.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
67th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 3.00 cells/μL (95% CI 2.99 – 3.01 cells/μL) · Population mean: 2.95 cells/μL
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
2.95 3.81 2.26 cells/μL You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (2.95 cells/μL). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
12:111884608:T:C rs3184504 1/0 -0.0435 1.00 SH2B3 Missense
7:45009341:A:G rs3735485 1/1 0.0177 2.00 MYO1G Missense
19:16495774:A:C rs2290669 0|1 -0.0271 1.00 EPS15L1 Intronic
17:72700943:A:G rs35489971 1|1 0.0127 2.00 CD300LF Missense
6:24806594:C:T rs9358799 1|1 -0.0124 2.00 FAM65B Loss of Function
4:38366090:T:C rs13133642 1|1 0.0118 2.00 RP11-83C7.1 Upstream
1:160793560:A:G rs509749 1|1 0.0113 2.00 LY9 Missense
1:114377568:A:G rs2476601 0|1 0.0212 1.00 PTPN22 Missense
2:181899515:G:A rs10187842 1|1 0.0103 2.00 UBE2E3 Intronic
9:86617265:A:G rs1982151 1|1 0.0097 2.00 RMI1 Missense
Monocyte count
This score reflects your genetic predisposition to monocyte count, a type of white blood cell.
Below Average
Lower monocyte count than average

Monocytes are white blood cells critical for immune surveillance. They circulate in the blood before migrating into tissues where they become macrophages, engulfing pathogens and dead cells. Chronically elevated levels can indicate systemic inflammation or infection.

Your score for Monocyte count falls somewhat below the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
36th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 1.45 cells/uL (95% CI 1.45 – 1.45 cells/uL) · Population mean: 1.48 cells/uL
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
1.48 1.83 1.16 cells/uL You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (1.48 cells/uL). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
2:182313246:C:T rs4667283 1|1 0.0171 2.00 Intergenic
1:236108446:C:T rs6662383 1|1 -0.0081 2.00 RP5-940F7.2 Upstream
13:28624294:G:A rs1933437 1/1 0.0073 2.00 FLT3 Missense
14:103844898:T:C rs11621300 1|1 0.0072 2.00 RP11-600F24.1 Upstream
3:128310589:G:T rs4286447 1|1 0.0069 2.00 Intergenic
19:45766729:G:A rs7255933 1|1 -0.0060 2.00 MARK4 Intronic
15:64601979:G:A rs11071790 1|1 0.0051 2.00 CSNK1G1 Intronic
16:85966548:A:G rs76121846 1|0 0.0102 1.00 RP11-542M13.3 Downstream
5:149498151:G:A rs246394 1|1 -0.0051 2.00 PDGFRB Intronic
7:92408370:C:T rs445 0/1 -0.0102 1.00 CDK6 Intronic
Mean Platelet Volume
Mean platelet volume
Average
Average platelet volume

Mean platelet volume (MPV) measures the average size of platelets in your blood. Larger platelets are generally more active in clotting. Elevated MPV has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events, while low MPV can occur in certain bone marrow conditions.

Your score for Mean Platelet Volume is near the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
52th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 10.2 fL (95% CI 10.2 – 10.2 fL) · Population mean: 10.3 fL
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
10.3 14.6 7.28 fL You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (10.3 fL). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
1:171949750:T:C rs10914144 1|1 0.1681 2.00 DNM3 Intronic
3:56849749:T:C rs1354034 1/0 -0.2268 1.00 ARHGEF3 Intronic
12:122341560:A:G rs58379261 1|1 -0.1056 2.00 PSMD9 Intronic
1:205237137:T:C rs1668871 1/1 -0.0840 2.00 TMCC2 Intronic
2:31464829:A:G rs647316 1/1 -0.0784 2.00 EHD3 Intronic
12:51681903:T:C rs7954976 1/1 0.0729 2.00 BIN2 Missense
12:122295335:T:C rs1154510 1/1 0.0719 2.00 HPD Missense
19:55536595:G:A rs1613662 1/1 0.0634 2.00 GP6 Missense
15:63341996:T:C rs11071720 1/1 -0.0620 2.00 TPM1 Intronic
1:171892085:G:A rs2093184 1|1 -0.0579 2.00 DNM3 Intronic
Mean Corpuscular Volume
Mean corpuscular volume
Average
Average red blood cell size

Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) measures the average size of your red blood cells. Small red blood cells (low MCV) can indicate iron deficiency, while large cells (high MCV) may suggest vitamin B12 or folate deficiency. Genetics also naturally influence MCV.

Your score for Mean Corpuscular Volume is near the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
50th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 92.0 fL (95% CI 91.9 – 92.1 fL) · Population mean: 92.2 fL
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
92.2 103.4 81.8 fL You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (92.2 fL). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
6:139840693:A:C rs592423 1|1 -0.2994 2.00 Regulatory
7:50428428:C:A rs12718597 1/1 0.2247 2.00 IKZF1 Intronic
19:33754548:C:T rs78744187 1|0 -0.3869 1.00 Intergenic
12:121162854:T:G rs2948149 1|1 -0.1899 2.00 RP11-173P15.5 Upstream
13:76075597:A:G rs7318786 1|1 0.1825 2.00 Intergenic
22:37509965:A:C rs228929 1|1 -0.1699 2.00 TMPRSS6 Upstream
1:118154575:T:C rs67224956 1|1 -0.1490 2.00 FAM46C Intronic
6:139838419:C:A rs628751 1/1 -0.1327 2.00 Intergenic
19:13024250:A:C rs741702 1/1 -0.1230 2.00 GCDH Intronic
22:37462926:G:A rs2235321 1/1 0.1198 2.00 TMPRSS6 Synonymous
Eye Health 2 2 average
Glaucoma
Risk of glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness caused by optic nerve damage
About Average
Typical glaucoma risk

Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, usually due to elevated pressure inside the eye. It is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Early stages often have no symptoms, making regular eye exams important for detection.

Your score for Glaucoma is near the population average.

~2.2%
(95% CI 1.8%–2.7%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
2.1%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
60th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (40% - 50%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.02   95% CI 0.82 – 1.26   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 2.52 0.01 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
1:165687205:G:A rs4656461 1/1 -0.1646 2.00 Regulatory
4:7863618:A:G rs4552460 1/1 -0.0672 2.00 AFAP1 Intronic
9:107699196:G:T rs2437819 1|1 -0.0534 2.00 Intergenic
9:22029445:G:A rs10965215 1|0 0.0973 1.00 CDKN2B-AS1 Non-coding
17:10031090:C:T rs12150284 0|1 -0.0907 1.00 GAS7 Intronic
17:40146970:G:A rs6503679 1|1 0.0366 2.00 DNAJC7 Splice Region
17:45451894:G:A rs4968318 1|1 0.0322 2.00 EFCAB13 Missense
3:85151828:T:G rs13061527 0|1 -0.0600 1.00 CADM2 Intronic
9:107680458:C:T rs2437811 1/1 -0.0299 2.00 ABCA1 Intronic
15:31369123:A:G rs4779816 1|1 -0.0293 2.00 TRPM1 Loss of Function
Cataract
Risk of cataracts, a common age-related clouding of the eye lens that impairs vision
Average
Typical cataract risk

Cataracts are a clouding of the eye's natural lens that leads to blurry vision and glare sensitivity. They are the most common cause of reversible vision loss and typically develop gradually with age. UV exposure, diabetes, and genetics all influence risk.

Your score for Cataract is near the population average.

~15.3%
(95% CI 13.9%–16.9%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
17.0%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=378,066, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
49th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (50% - 60%]
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 0.88   95% CI 0.79 – 0.99
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 1.72 0.45 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
15:28356859:C:T rs1129038 1/1 -0.0297 2.00 HERC2 3-prime UTR
1:10824329:T:C rs6540950 1|1 -0.0293 2.00 CASZ1 Intronic
20:10701594:G:T rs6040107 1/1 -0.0274 2.00 RP11-103J8.1 Intronic
20:19477390:A:G rs6046144 0|1 0.0530 1.00 SLC24A3 Intronic
17:54703475:C:T rs4794653 1|1 0.0190 2.00 Intergenic
9:22347178:C:A rs2025795 1|1 0.0177 2.00 Intergenic
1:227195728:C:T rs1929863 1|0 0.0308 1.00 CDC42BPA Intronic
11:30848413:C:T rs1448941 1|1 -0.0152 2.00 DCDC1 Downstream
9:22098574:A:G rs4977574 0/1 0.0296 1.00 CDKN2B-AS1 Intronic
1:198869514:T:C rs10800598 1|1 -0.0145 2.00 MIR181A1HG Non-coding
Lifestyle 7 1 elevated 2 average 4 below avg
Chronotype
Chronotype (morning/evening person)
Below Average
More likely to be an evening person

Chronotype describes your body's natural preference for when to sleep and wake. "Morning larks" feel most alert early in the day, while "night owls" peak later. This is strongly influenced by genetics and shifts across the lifespan.

Your score for Chronotype falls somewhat below the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
31th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 3.12 (95% CI 3.10 – 3.14) · Population mean: 3.19
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
3.19 4.29 2.26 Effect size You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (3.19). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
1:182569626:T:C rs1144566 1|1 0.0507 2.00 RGS16 Missense
6:55142337:A:G rs2653349 1/1 0.0194 2.00 HCRTR2 Missense
2:77213103:C:T rs7563917 1|1 0.0156 2.00 AC079117.1 Non-coding
7:96468009:G:A rs10254255 1|1 -0.0139 2.00 Intergenic
18:38026570:T:C rs4799549 1|1 0.0112 2.00 Intergenic
17:8108331:A:G rs1059476 1|1 0.0108 2.00 AURKB Missense
2:239306268:A:C rs3739070 0/1 0.0199 1.00 TRAF3IP1 Missense
7:24081855:A:G rs10234716 1|1 0.0099 2.00 Intergenic
3:185990096:C:T rs2193587 1|1 0.0098 2.00 DGKG Missense
22:40554008:T:G rs6001807 1|1 0.0095 2.00 TNRC6B Intronic
Coffee intake
Daily coffee consumption frequency
Below Average
Lower coffee intake than average

How much coffee you drink is partly genetic. Variants in genes that affect caffeine metabolism (like CYP1A2) and caffeine sensitivity influence whether you crave multiple cups a day or find even one too stimulating.

Your score for Coffee intake falls somewhat below the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
34th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 3.15 cups per day (95% CI 3.10 – 3.20 cups per day) · Population mean: 3.33 cups per day
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
3.33 5.63 1.22 cups per day You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (3.33 cups per day). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
7:17284577:T:C rs4410790 1/1 0.1128 2.00 Intergenic
7:17430004:C:A rs7777586 1|1 -0.0325 2.00 AC019117.1 Intronic
2:634905:T:C rs6548238 1/1 0.0268 2.00 Regulatory
4:89052323:G:T rs2231142 0/1 -0.0393 1.00 ABCG2 Missense
18:57851763:A:G rs10871777 0/1 0.0361 1.00 Intergenic
1:49910568:G:A rs1167268 1|1 -0.0167 2.00 AGBL4-IT1 Intronic
17:18775900:A:G rs4393623 1|1 0.0149 2.00 PRPSAP2 Missense
2:27730940:T:C rs1260326 1/0 0.0295 1.00 GCKR Missense
12:11338781:C:A rs1669413 1/1 -0.0137 2.00 TAS2R42 Missense
21:30594334:T:C rs2832268 1|1 0.0129 2.00 BACH1 Intronic
Sleep duration
Average hours of sleep per night
Below Average
Shorter sleep duration than average

Sleep duration is partly heritable and varies naturally between individuals. Genes influencing circadian rhythm and sleep-wake signaling contribute to whether you tend to need more or less sleep each night.

Your score for Sleep duration falls somewhat below the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
36th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 8.15 hours (95% CI 8.14 – 8.16 hours) · Population mean: 8.20 hours
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
8.20 9.00 7.58 hours You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (8.20 hours). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
2:114090412:A:G rs1823125 0/1 0.0338 1.00 Intergenic
1:34743076:T:G rs1342153 1|1 -0.0086 2.00 RP4-657M3.2 Upstream
14:26974414:A:C rs178189 1|1 0.0082 2.00 NOVA1 Intronic
5:135620850:T:C rs1499767 1|1 -0.0079 2.00 TRPC7 Intronic
1:65250982:T:G rs2483616 1|1 0.0075 2.00 RAVER2 Intronic
16:78420775:G:A rs11545029 1|1 -0.0074 2.00 WWOX Missense
10:70332580:A:G rs10823229 1|1 -0.0070 2.00 TET1 Missense
10:125003630:T:C rs7089041 1|1 -0.0067 2.00 Intergenic
17:4764359:C:T rs8073970 1|1 -0.0064 2.00 MINK1 Intronic
1:31687774:T:C rs6671739 1|1 0.0063 2.00 NKAIN1 Intronic
Alcohol intake frequency
Frequency of alcohol consumption
Below Average
Less frequent alcohol intake than average

Genes involved in alcohol metabolism and reward pathways can influence how frequently a person drinks. Variants in enzymes like ADH and ALDH affect how your body processes alcohol and how it makes you feel.

Your score for Alcohol intake frequency falls somewhat below the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
38th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 4.80 categories (95% CI 4.79 – 4.81 categories) · Population mean: 4.84 categories
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
4.84 5.90 3.51 categories You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (4.84 categories). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
4:100239319:T:C rs1229984 1|1 0.2145 2.00 ADH1B Missense
2:27730940:T:C rs1260326 1/0 0.0336 1.00 GCKR Missense
4:184831715:A:G rs2278475 1|1 -0.0130 2.00 STOX2 Intronic
4:172552376:G:A rs1027206 1|1 -0.0120 2.00 RP11-97E7.2 Intronic
11:121801129:T:C rs1666658 1|1 -0.0117 2.00 Regulatory
3:49924940:T:C rs1062633 1|1 -0.0115 2.00 MST1R Missense
10:99713117:T:C rs533358 1|1 -0.0113 2.00 CRTAC1 Intronic
12:54660427:G:A rs57281063 0|1 0.0221 1.00 RP11-968A15.2 Intronic
6:17173376:G:A rs2181349 1|1 0.0109 2.00 Intergenic
10:133978962:T:C rs2172131 1|1 0.0098 2.00 JAKMIP3 Intronic
Non-smoking likelihood
Never Smoker
Above Average
More likely to be a lifelong non-smoker

Genetics can influence traits like nicotine sensitivity and reward-seeking behavior that affect the likelihood of taking up smoking. Environmental and social factors also play a major role.

Your score for Non-smoking likelihood is above the population average, suggesting a higher-than-average predisposition.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
61th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (30% - 40%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.10   95% CI 1.05 – 1.16
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 2.05 0.29 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
2:146125523:C:T rs10427255 1/1 0.0213 2.00 Intergenic
5:166992708:C:T rs11747772 1|1 0.0190 2.00 TENM2 Intronic
14:29469373:T:C rs10148671 1/1 -0.0179 2.00 RP11-148E17.1 Intronic
5:173279842:C:T rs359457 1/1 0.0178 2.00 Intergenic
20:14860884:G:A rs6042960 1|1 0.0167 2.00 MACROD2 Intronic
11:4661285:A:G rs905871 1|1 0.0166 2.00 OR51D1 Missense
4:159601676:C:T rs11559290 1/1 -0.0165 2.00 ETFDH Missense
2:226273689:T:C rs2048936 1|1 -0.0161 2.00 NYAP2 Synonymous
3:17892481:A:G rs6577599 1|1 -0.0159 2.00 TBC1D5 Intronic
2:614168:A:G rs2947411 1/1 -0.0159 2.00 Intergenic
Facial aging
Facial ageing (looking younger than you are)
About Average
Likely to look your age

How old you look relative to your actual age is partly genetic. Genes involved in skin elasticity, pigmentation, and cellular repair processes influence the rate of facial aging. Sun exposure, smoking, and lifestyle also play major roles.

Your score for Facial aging is near the population average.

~76.0%
(95% CI 74.7%–77.1%)
Your estimated lifetime risk
74.7%
Population average
Estimated from UK Biobank prevalence × odds ratio (UKB reference: n=348,892, ages 40–69). Not a clinical prediction.
20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
60th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Odds ratio vs. population average Score bin: (40% - 50%)
0.3× 1.0 avg 3.0×
OR 1.07   95% CI 1.00 – 1.14   CI includes 1.0 — not significantly different from average
Odds ratio across PRS percentile bins
1.0 2.07 0.30 Odds ratio You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Odds ratio per PRS decile vs. population average (OR = 1.0, dashed). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
8:130699140:T:C rs10956486 1|0 0.0727 1.00 RP11-419K12.1 Upstream
9:16864521:C:T rs2153271 1/1 -0.0346 2.00 BNC2 Intronic
2:145634153:G:A rs6738560 1|1 0.0323 2.00 TEX41 Intronic
9:205964:A:G rs478882 1/1 -0.0307 2.00 Intergenic
20:39832628:T:C rs17265513 1/1 0.0234 2.00 ZHX3 Missense
2:56040099:T:C rs10199082 1|0 -0.0463 1.00 Intergenic
2:219903258:T:G rs6736922 1|1 0.0215 2.00 CCDC108 Loss of Function
6:151579432:C:T rs4869723 0|1 0.0374 1.00 AKAP12 Intronic
1:201314624:A:G rs2153715 1|1 -0.0177 2.00 Intergenic
5:92666066:G:T rs6863143 1|1 0.0168 2.00 Intergenic
Walking pace
Usual walking pace
Average
Average walking pace

Walking pace is a surprisingly strong predictor of overall health and longevity. It reflects cardiovascular fitness, musculoskeletal health, and neurological function. Genetics influence the traits that contribute to walking speed, including muscle composition and body proportions.

Your score for Walking pace is near the population average.

20th
40th
60th
80th
95th
41th percentile (EUR ancestry reference population)
Percentile average: 3.31 meters/second (95% CI 3.30 – 3.32 meters/second) · Population mean: 3.32 meters/second
Effect size across PRS percentile bins
3.32 3.86 2.74 meters/second You 0th 50th 100th PRS percentile

Effect size per PRS decile, reference line at population mean (3.32 meters/second). Error bars: 95% CI. Source: Tanigawa et al. (2023).

Top contributing variants (10)
VariantrsIDGenotype Effect WeightDosageGeneType
3:49936102:T:C rs2230590 1/1 -0.0054 2.00 MST1R Missense
3:184039666:A:G rs2178403 1|1 0.0043 2.00 EIF4G1 Missense
7:113605108:T:C rs12705924 1|1 0.0042 2.00 PPP1R3A Intronic
18:53210302:G:T rs613872 0/1 -0.0083 1.00 TCF4 Intronic
4:182733332:T:C rs4862006 1|1 0.0041 2.00 Intergenic
2:41199040:G:A rs1981804 1|1 0.0041 2.00 Intergenic
1:25015638:C:T rs7511698 1|1 0.0037 2.00 Regulatory
6:137760308:C:T rs9321606 1|1 0.0036 2.00 Intergenic
18:37426101:C:A rs56759062 1|1 -0.0036 2.00 RP11-636O21.1 Intronic
3:88189341:T:C rs7653652 1|1 -0.0036 2.00 ZNF654 Missense
Traits Not Scored

The following trait(s) could not be included because the scoring file had insufficient overlap with your genotype data (less than 50% of variants matched).

  • Ankylosing spondylitis (PGS001267)
Important Disclaimers

Key Genetic Variants

The Key Genetic Variants section screens for individual high-penetrance variants in genes linked to specific health conditions. Unlike polygenic risk scores, a single variant can significantly increase risk for a condition. Carrier status indicates you carry one or more copies of a risk allele but does not mean you will develop the condition. Penetrance varies by variant. Consult a genetic counselor for clinical interpretation.

What is a Polygenic Risk Score?

A polygenic risk score aggregates the effect of many genetic variants into a single number reflecting genetic predisposition for a trait. Higher scores generally indicate greater genetic predisposition, but genetics is only one factor. Lifestyle, environment, and medical history all play important roles. A high PRS does not mean you will develop a condition.

Percentile & Odds Ratio Estimates

Percentile values are estimated against a reference population of PGP participants matched to your inferred ancestry. Odds ratios reflect relative risk compared to the middle decile of the reference population. These are statistical estimates and exact numbers carry uncertainty. They should not be interpreted as precise personal risk predictions.

Ancestry Limitation

All polygenic scores in this report were trained on European-ancestry data from the UK Biobank (predominantly white British participants). Percentile estimates are calibrated against a European-ancestry PGP reference population (n=119). For individuals of non-European ancestry, scores, percentiles, and risk estimates are likely to be less accurate and may not reflect true genetic predisposition. The odds ratio bins from Tanigawa et al. were also derived from the same European-ancestry cohort. Use this report with extra caution if you are not of European ancestry.

Not a Clinical Test

This report is for research and educational purposes only. It is not a clinical diagnostic test. Consult a healthcare provider or genetic counselor before making any health decisions based on this information.

Methodology

Input processing: Raw consumer genotyping data is normalized into a standardized variant format and aligned to the GRCh37 (hg19) human reference genome. Quality checks are applied to filter low-confidence calls and ensure compatibility with downstream analysis.

Imputation: Consumer genotyping arrays typically capture 600,000–700,000 variants. To fill in the millions of variants not directly measured, we perform genome-wide statistical imputation using a large, ethnically diverse reference panel. This process infers likely genotypes at untyped positions based on patterns of linkage disequilibrium observed in reference populations, expanding coverage to approximately 30 million variants across all 22 autosomes. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data already covers the full genome and does not require imputation.

Ancestry inference: Your genetic ancestry is estimated by comparing your genotype profile to reference populations spanning five major continental superpopulations (European, African, East Asian, South Asian, and Admixed American). A machine learning classifier trained on thousands of reference samples assigns the most likely ancestry group, which is used to select the appropriate reference distribution for percentile estimation.

Polygenic risk score calculation: Polygenic risk scores are computed by combining the effects of many genetic variants, each weighted according to its published association with a given trait. Scoring weights are sourced from the PGS Catalog, an open database of published polygenic scores. Each variant in your imputed genotype data is matched against the scoring file and the weighted sum is calculated to produce a single composite score per trait.

Percentile and risk estimation: Your raw score for each trait is compared against an empirical reference distribution to determine your percentile ranking. Relative risk (odds ratios) are estimated by mapping your score to population-level decile bins derived from large-scale biobank research. These estimates are stratified by inferred genetic ancestry to improve accuracy.

Frequently Asked Questions
  • My report says I have a higher genetic tendency for a trait, but that doesn't match me at all. Why?
    Polygenic risk scores capture genetic predisposition, not destiny. Many traits are shaped by a combination of genetics, environment, lifestyle, diet, and chance. A high score means your DNA nudges you in that direction compared to average, but plenty of people with high scores never develop a condition and vice versa. Think of it as one piece of a larger puzzle.
  • Does a high risk score mean I'm going to get a disease?
    No. A higher score means you may have a greater genetic predisposition, but it is not a diagnosis or a guarantee. Most common diseases are influenced by many factors beyond genetics, including age, lifestyle, family history, and preventive care. Many people with elevated scores never develop the condition.
  • Should I change my medication or start new treatment based on this report?
    No. This report is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a clinical test and should never replace advice from a healthcare provider. Do not start, stop, or change any medication based on these results. If something in this report concerns you, bring it to your doctor or a genetic counselor for a proper clinical evaluation.
  • Why doesn't my height / BMI / blood pressure match the score?
    For continuous traits like height or blood pressure, the score reflects your genetic tendency — not a measurement of your actual value. Your real-world measurement is the result of genetics plus everything else: nutrition, exercise, medications, aging, and more. It is completely normal for your actual measurement to differ from what your genetics alone would predict.
  • What does "percentile" mean in this report?
    Your percentile tells you where your score falls compared to a reference population. For example, a 75th percentile means your genetic score is higher than approximately 75% of people in the reference group. It does not mean you have a 75% chance of anything — it is a ranking, not a probability.
  • Are these results accurate for all ethnicities?
    The scores in this report were developed using data primarily from people of European ancestry (UK Biobank). They may be less accurate for individuals of other ancestral backgrounds. Polygenic scores generally transfer less well across populations due to differences in allele frequencies and linkage patterns. We display your inferred ancestry at the top of the report for transparency.
  • Can I share this report with my doctor?
    Yes, you are welcome to share this report with your healthcare provider. It can serve as a conversation starter about your genetic background. However, your doctor will likely want to consider your full medical history, family history, and possibly order clinical-grade genetic testing before making any medical decisions.
  • Why are some traits missing from my report?
    A trait may be excluded if too few of its required genetic variants were found in your data after imputation. Each score requires a minimum overlap with the published variant list to produce reliable results. Excluded traits (if any) are listed near the bottom of the report.
  • How is this different from a clinical genetic test?
    Clinical genetic tests are performed in certified laboratories under strict quality controls (such as CLIA/CAP accreditation) and are interpreted by trained geneticists. This report uses consumer genotyping data and publicly available risk scores for research and educational purposes. It has not been validated for clinical decision-making.
  • Will my scores change if I get re-tested?
    Your DNA does not change, so the raw genetic data would be the same. However, scores could shift slightly if the analysis uses an updated scoring model, different imputation panel, or a larger reference population. The underlying science of polygenic scores is still evolving, and newer models may give somewhat different estimates.